Presentation
Incidental finding on trauma scan.
Patient Data
Lobulated mass located between the stomach and pancreas, with hypodense/cystic regions within. This lesion indents both the pancreas and stomach, and likely arising from either. No surrounding fat stranding or edema.
Normal appearance of the remaining intra-abdominal and pelvic solid and hollow viscera.
No intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy or free fluid.
Conclusion: Lobulated heterogeneous mass associated with the stomach and pancreas and likely arising from either. Further evaluation non urgent CT or MRI pancreas recommended.
The previously described mass appears to have a pedicle that infiltrates towards the gastric wall and, therefore, is favored gastric in origin. Although the mass abuts against the pancreatic tail, it appears to be a fine rim of fat between them. The lesion has lobulated contours, and is mostly solid with enhancement. The low attenuation foci on CT correlate with cystic content with elevated T1 signal, likely hemorrhagic/necrotic.
The pancreas has otherwise normal morphology, signal intensity, and enhancement. There is no dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. There is no biliary tree dilatation, the gallbladder is normal. The liver has normal signal intensity and enhancement, no focal lesions. The adrenal glands, spleen, and kidneys are normal. There is no lymphadenopathy or free fluid within the superior abdomen.
Conclusion: The previously identified mass is favored to be gastric in origin and, therefore, GIST is the main consideration.
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) confirms a solid mass with cystic/necrotic component involving the gastric wall. On endoscopy view, the tumor pushed into the gastric lumen pushing the gastric mucosa.
Case Discussion
Typical imaging features of a gastric GIST, which, on CT was not entirely convincing to not have pancreatic involvement. Further workup with MRI showed the lesion to be confined to the gastric wall. Biopsies were performed via gastroscopy and the tumor was further resected:
Macroscopy: Labeled "GIST tumor'. A segment of gastric wall 40 x 18 x 14 mm, with a lobulated tumor arising from the wall 52 x 43 x 28 mm, with a dull, violaceous surface bearing patchy areas of ulceration, and moderately firm consistency. The cut surface is tan, firm and lobulated with heterogeneous friable, brown areas, focal apparent surface fat and admixed areas of hemorrhage. The lesion abuts the mucosal resection margin.
Microscopy: The sections show a tumor within the gastric wall comprising intersecting fascicles and nests of spindled cells with elongate nuclei with vesicular chromatin, small nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytplasm. The mitotic rate is 1/ 5 mm^2. The tumor is present within the submucosa, muscularis propria and subserosa. No definite serosal invasion is seen. No definite vascular invasion is seen but an immunohistochemical stain for CD31 is being performed to better assess this. No perineural invasion is identified. The tumor is clear of excision margins.
Using immunohistochemical stains, the tumor cells are strongly and diffusely positive for CD117, show patchy positive staining for CD34 and are negative for CD31, S100 and mixed cytokeratins (AE1/AE3 and CAM5.2).
Gastric body-type mucosa included in the specimen. There is no significant inflammation. No Helicobacter pylori are identified and there is no intestinal metaplasia or glandular dysplasia.
Conclusion: Gastric resection: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
- Size 52mm
- Mitotic rate 1/5 mm^2 (WHO prognostic group 3a/ AJCC 8th ed. stage IB);
- Invasion into subserosa
- Negative resection margins.
Note: No vascular invasion is identified with an immunohistochemical stain for CD31.
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.