Presentation
Chronic abdominal pain and hematuria.
Patient Data
Age: 50 years
Gender: Male
From the case:
Horseshoe kidney
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Small (about three) dense renal calculi are seen within the upper calyx of the right kidney. both kidneys show abnormal orientation and are fused across the midline one on each side of the midline. An isthmus of either functioning renal parenchyma connects them.
Case Discussion
Horseshoe kidneys are the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. They render the kidneys more susceptible to trauma and are an independent risk factor for the development of renal calculi and transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis.
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