Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Case contributed by Mohammad Saboor Rastin
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Persistent non-bilious vomiting

Patient Data

Age: 7 weeks
Gender: Male
ultrasound

Ultrasound of upper abdomen demonstrate:

-Significantly dilated stomach

-Marked muscular thickening of the pylorus which resembles target sign on transverse image

- It measures about 20.3mm in length and 5mm in single layer thickness

Features are compatible with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Case Discussion

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the muscular thickening of the gastric pylorus resulting in gastric outlet obstruction. 

The modality of choice for detection of this entity is using trans-abdominal ultrasonography by high-frequency linear probe.

The simple criteria for detection is abbreviated by "number pi"

π = 3.1415

  • Pyloric muscle thickness, i.e. diame­ter of a single muscular wall on a transverse image >3 mm
  • Pyloric transverse diameter ≥14 mm
  • Length, i.e. longitudinal measurement >15 mm

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