Presentation
Right flank pain, nausea and hematuria for one day. No history of fever or vomiting.
Patient Data
There is a calculus measuring 4.5 mm (average density = 245 HU) in the distal right ureter. It is associated with mild proximal hydroureteronephrosis and mild right perinephric fat stranding.
There is also a well-defined hypodensity measuring about 4.3 x 4.4 cm (average density = 21 HU) at the upper pole of the right kidney, which is likely a renal cortical cyst.
There is a well-defined septated cystic lesion measuring 5.0 x 6.7 cm at the upper pole of the right kidney. A few tiny faint calcifications are seen within it. Post-contrast study shows enhancement in the irregular septations as well as in the walls of the cyst. No soft tissue or hemorrhagic component is seen.
A few proximal jejunal loops show diffuse mural thickening and intense enhancement of the valvulae conniventes.
Impression: Multiseptated cystic lesion at the upper pole of the right kidney, which is likely a Bosniak type 3 cyst. Diffusely thickened proximal jejunal loops with enhancing valvulae conniventes; inflammatory/infective enteritis
Procedure: Open partial nephrectomy.
Diagnosis: Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential (previously known as multilocular clear cell renal cell carcinoma). Fuhrman nuclear grade: Grade 1. Maximum tumor size: 5 cm (gross). Renal parenchymal excision margins: Clear. Lymphovascular space invasion: Not identified. Capsular and extra-capsular invasion: Not identified.
Pathological staging: pT1b, pNx, pMx.
Case Discussion
Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential or MCRCC is an infrequent variant of the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It is a low grade tumor and has a favorable outcome 1.