Pneumatocele with lung disease of prematurity

Case Discussion

Chronic lung disease of prematurity, also known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), is a lung condition that can occur in infants born prematurely. It is characterized by difficulty breathing, oxygen dependence, and other respiratory problems. The lungs of a premature baby are not fully developed, making them more susceptible to injury from factors such as mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy, and infections. Treatment for BPD may include oxygen therapy, bronchodilator medication, and physical therapy to help clear secretions from the lungs. In some cases, children with BPD may require long-term care and may have lifelong respiratory problems.

A pneumatocoele in the lungs of an infant is an abnormal intrapulmonary collection of air or gas. Pneumatocoeles can occur as a complication of chronic lung disease of prematurity (BPD). Pneumatocoeles can also occur as a complication of other lung conditions such as pneumonia, meconium aspiration, or severe respiratory distress syndrome. In infants, pneumatocoeles can cause difficulty breathing, increased work of breathing, decreased oxygenation and lung collapse. Treatment for pneumatocoele in infants may include oxygen therapy, chest tube drainage to remove the trapped air, antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgery.