Pneumomediastinum

Case contributed by Henry Knipe
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Forceful vomiting all night. Now chest pain.

Patient Data

Age: 25 years
Gender: Male
x-ray

Extensive subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. No pleural effusion. 

ct

Extensive pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Bilateral pneumothoraces with air tracking along the pleural fissures. Gas also tracks into the thoracic epidural space.

No mediastinal or pleural fluid collection. No leak of oral contrast from the esophagus. 

Case Discussion

Pneumomediastinum can have a dramatic appearance on imaging. In this case with the history of forceful vomiting, esophageal rupture was concerning but the imaging features are against this a cause and this is more likely from pulmonary in origin (Macklin effect). 

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