Presentation
Patient presented with dyspnea.
Patient Data
Arteriovenous malformation in the form of localized multiple tortuous vascular channels is seen in the lateral basal segment of right lower lobe with the dilated (~9.6 mm) lateral basal segmental branch of pulmonary artery acting as its feeder. It drains into the prominent (~10.7 mm) right inferior pulmonary vein.
Case Discussion
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are a low resistance vascular connection between a pulmonary artery and vein. Nowadays, most PAVMs are diagnosed by CT angiography, a modality that has virtually replaced pulmonary angiography, which was traditionally considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of PAVM.
Two major types of PAVMs that can be differentiated are:
- Simple (80%): single feeding artery and one or more draining veins.
- Complex (20%): more than one feeding artery and one or more draining veins.