Pulmonary cavity and pneumatocele (illustrations)

Case Discussion

Pulmonary cavity and pneumatocele - key learning points

• Pulmonary cavity and pneumatocele are gas-filled spaces within the pulmonary parenchyma. Although similiar, they represent different stages of pulmonary tissue repair as well as different causes. 
• Pulmonary consolidation, masses or nodules may undergo tissue necrosis. The necrotic debris is drained through the airways leaving a thick-walled gas-filled lesion known as cavity. 
• Overtime the walls of the gas-filled lesion become thinner and the shape of the lesion becomes more rounded. The lesion is now denominated pneumatocele. 
• Control studies may show resolution of the pneumatocele with normal appearance of the pulmonary parenchyma.
• Pneumatoceles may also arise from trauma or hydrocarbon aspiration.