Septic arthritis of the knee - pediatric

Case contributed by Ammar Haouimi
Diagnosis almost certain

Presentation

Painful swelling of the right knee with restricted motions, fever and leukocytosis.

Patient Data

Age: 6 years
Gender: Male

The MRI sequences demonstrate:

  • joint effusion with extensive thickening and enhancement of the synovium
  • bone marrow edema of the proximal tibial epiphyses, mainly of the lateral tibial plateau with a cortical breach and tibial periosteal reaction (tibial osteomyelitis)
  • edematous infiltration of the surrounding soft tissues with muscular enhancement (myositis)
  • enlarged lymph nodes at the popliteal fossa

Case Discussion

The clinical presentation and the MRI features are most consistent with a septic arthritis of the knee most likely secondary to tibial osteomyelitis.

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