Presentation
Cough with small volume hemoptysis
Patient Data
Age: 60 years
Gender: Male
From the case:
Tracheal squamous cell carcinoma
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Circumferential irregular wall thickening at the inferior trachea, carina and main bronchi. No calcification. Subcarinal and pretracheal lymphadenopathy.
Bilateral emphysema.
Tracheal endobronchial biopsy demonstrated invasive moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.
Case Discussion
The differential for tracheal mural thickening includes:
- circumferential thickening
- infectious - TB / Aspergillus
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis
- amyloidosis
- sarcoidosis
- eccentric thickening / mass-like
- primary malignancy, e.g. squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenoid cystic carcinoma
- metastases
- carcinoid
- spares the posterior tracheal muscle
- tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplasia
- relapsing polychondritis