Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and edited by countless contributing members over a period of time. A global group of dedicated editors oversee accuracy, consulting with expert advisers, and constantly reviewing additions.
2,522 results found
Article
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is an inherited metabolic peroxisomal disorder and one of the more common leukodystrophies in both children and adults. It is characterized by a lack of oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) that results in severe inflammatory demyelination typically of ...
Article
Yasargil classification of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations
The Yasargil classification is one of the two common systems for classifying vein of Galen malformations that is currently in use at the time of writing (mid 2016).
Classification
type I: small pure cisternal fistula between the vein of Galen (voG) and either the pericallosal arteries (anteri...
Article
Yin-yang sign (solitary fibrous tumor)
The yin-yang sign is a radiologic appearance described in solitary fibrous tumor of the dura on MR.
On T2-weighted images, these tumors have two separate solid components, one that is hyperintense and one that is iso- to hypointense relative to brain parenchyma. Histologically, the former repre...
Article
Y sign (epidural lipomatosis)
The Y sign refers to a common appearance in lumbar epidural lipomatosis where excess fat in the extradural space compresses the dural sac into the shape of the letter "Y".
Article
Zabramski classification of cerebral cavernous malformations
The Zabramski classification of cerebral cavernomas has been proposed as a way of classifying cerebral cavernous malformations, and although not used in clinical practice it is useful in scientific publications that seek to study cavernous malformations.
The classification was proposed in 1994 ...
Article
Zebra sign (cerebellum)
The zebra sign has been termed to describe the finding of layering of blood in amongst the folia of the cerebellum, particularly in the setting of remote cerebellar hemorrhage.1
This type of hemorrhage is characterized by a streaky pattern, like a zebra's stripes, due to blood spreading in the ...
Article
Zellweger syndrome
Zellweger syndrome (ZS), also known as the cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, is a multisystem metabolic abnormality. As the name implies it primarily affects the central nervous system, liver and kidneys.
Epidemiology
The condition typically presents in neonates with poor feeding and/or seizures. ...
Article
Zika virus infection
Zika virus infection is a zoonosis which is associated with congenital birth defects, with microcephaly the most widely known.
Epidemiology
Zika was once isolated to Africa and Asia, however, it spread to the Americas in the last decade 1. There were thousands of cases confirmed in the America...
Article
Zimmerman-Laband syndrome
Zimmerman-Laband syndrome is a rare congenital syndrome, characterized primarily by gingival hypertrophy and skeletal abnormalities.
Pathology
The molecular basis of the syndrome is currently unknown. An autosomal dominant mutation with a high mutation rate and rare instances of germinal mosa...
Article
Zinc toxicity
Zinc toxicity (also rarely known as zincalism) is rare as the body is remarkably efficient at excreting excess zinc. Typically oral zinc poisoning manifests primarily as:
acute GI symptoms: vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
secondary copper deficiency
zinc competes with copper for absorption...
Article
Zurich pituitary score
The Zurich pituitary score (ZPS) is a quantitative classification of pituitary adenomas based on coronal T1W magnetic resonance imaging with contrast, although the score can also be obtained with computed tomography.
The ZPS is based on the ratio (R) between horizontal tumor diameter over inter...
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