Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and edited by countless contributing members over a period of time. A global group of dedicated editors oversee accuracy, consulting with expert advisers, and constantly reviewing additions.
3,048 results found
Article
Anatomical variants
Anatomical variants represent the deviations from the accepted standard human anatomy as printed in the classic textbooks (e.g. Gray's Anatomy 1), and taught in universities, dissecting rooms and clinical practice.
Terminology
The term "normal anatomic variants" or just "normal variants" is of...
Article
Anatomic nomenclature
The correct usage of anatomic nomenclature is fundamental to good radiological, and more generally clinical medical, practice. Since 1998, the Terminologia Anatomica (TA) has set the global standard for what constitutes correct anatomical terminology; its second edition was published in 2019. Th...
Article
Anatomic position
The anatomic position also referred to as the standard anatomic position, is the consistent position of the human body in which positional reference is made for anatomical nomenclature. It is not reliant on whether the patient is standing, supine, prone, sitting, etc.
The position is defined as...
Article
Anatomy article structure
Anatomy articles require a different structure, and the following subheadings are recommended.
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As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interes...
Article
Anatomy article structure (bone)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
articulations:
blood supply and innervation:
relations:
Gross anatomy
...
Article
Anatomy article structure (joint)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
movement:
ligaments and tendons:
relations:
Gross anatomy
Location
Mo...
Article
Anatomy article structure (muscle)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
action:
Gross anatomy
Origin
Insertion
Relatio...
Article
Anatomy article structure (nerve)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
origin and course:
branches and supply:
relations:
Gross anatomy
Locat...
Article
Anatomy article structure (organ)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
function:
blood supply and drainage:
relations:
Gross anatomy
Location...
Article
Anatomy article structure (space/region)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
boundaries:
contents:
Gross anatomy
Location
Boundaries
Contents
Rel...
Article
Anatomy article structure (vessel)
As with all other articles, the introductory paragraph should introduce the anatomical term and aim to give an interesting summary. The first sentence should contain the title of the article in bold.
Summary
location:
origin and termination:
branches and supply:
relations:
Gross anatomy
...
Article
Anatomy curriculum
The anatomy curriculum is one of our curriculum articles and aims to be a collection of articles that represent the core anatomy knowledge for radiologists and imaging specialists.
General anatomy
Neuroanatomy
Head and neck anatomy
Thoracic anatomy
Abdominal and pelvic anatomy
Spinal anat...
Article
Anconeus epitrochlearis
The anconeus epitrochlearis is an accessory muscle at the medial aspect of the elbow. It is also known as the accessory anconeus muscle or epitrochleoanconeus muscle and should not be confused with the anconeus muscle which is present at the lateral aspect of the elbow.
Epidemiology
The muscl...
Article
Anconeus muscle
The anconeus muscle is a small muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm at the lateral aspect of the elbow. It has little functional significance but should be differentiated from the variably present anconeus epitrochlearis at the medial aspect of the elbow.
Summary
origin: lateral epic...
Article
Angle of the longitudinal arch (foot)
The angle of the longitudinal arch (calcaneal–fifth metatarsal angle) is one of the angles drawn on the weight-bearing lateral foot radiograph.
The angle is formed between the calcaneal inclination axis and a line drawn along the inferior edge of the 5th metatarsal:
pes planus: >170°
normal: ...
Article
Angular artery (facial artery branch)
The angular artery is the terminal branch of the facial artery.
It becomes the angular artery after the lateral nasal artery branch from the facial artery. It courses superiorly along the lateral border of the external nose to the medial canthus. It is accompanied by the angular vein which drai...
Article
Angular artery (MCA branch)
The angular artery (branch of the middle cerebral artery (MCA)) is an M4 branch of the middle cerebral artery (it is not the same as the facial artery angular artery branch).
The artery arises from the posterior part of the Sylvian fissure and runs posteriorly. On lateral angiogram it forms a d...
Article
Angular gyrus
The angular gyrus is a portion of the parietal lobe of the brain. It is one of the two parts of the inferior parietal lobule, the other part being the supramarginal gyrus. It plays a part in language and number processing, memory and reasoning 1.
Gross anatomy
Relations
It lies as a horseshoe...
Article
Angular vein
The angular vein drains the anterior region of the scalp 1. It is formed by the union of the supratrochlear and supraorbital veins and becomes the facial vein 1,2,3.
Gross Anatomy
The angular vein is formed at the medial canthus as the supratrochlear vein and supraorbital vein unite 1,2. The a...
Article
Ankle joint
The ankle joint (also known as the tibiotalar joint or talocrural joint) forms the articulation between the foot and the leg. It is a primary hinge synovial joint lined with hyaline cartilage.
Gross anatomy
The ankle joint is comprised of the tibia, fibula and talus as well as the supporting l...
Article
Anlage
An anlage in biology refers to the primordial precursor of a tissue or organ, which is still recognisable as a collection of cells that will form that specific tissue.
The term is commonly used in medicine to refer to organs, such as the pancreas, when one is describing anatomical variants and ...
Article
Annular ligament (disambiguation)
The annular ligament can refer to:
annular ligament of the stapes
annular ligament of the proximal radio-ulnar joint
Article
Annular pancreas
Annular pancreas is a morphological anomaly that results in pancreatic tissue completely or incompletely encircling the duodenum. This condition can cause duodenal obstruction and is therefore important to recognize, as radiologists are frequently the first to make the diagnosis.
Epidemiology
...
Article
Annulus fibrosus
The annulus fibrosus (plural: annuli fibrosi) surrounds the nucleus pulposus and together they form the intervertebral disc.
Gross anatomy
The annulus comprises 15 to 20 collagenous (type I) laminae which run obliquely from the edge of one vertebra down to the edge of the vertebra below. The d...
Article
Annulus of Zinn contents (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember the contents of the tendinous ring (also known as the annulus of Zinn) from superior to inferior is:
One Canal, Several Orbital Nerves In One Annulus
Mnemonic:
OC: optic canal
SO: superior division of oculomotor nerve
N: nasociliary nerve
IO: inferior division of ocu...
Article
Anomalous course of coronary arteries
Anomalous course of a coronary artery is a type of congenital coronary artery anomaly. It may represent a benign and incidental finding, but rarely it is a malignant course predisposing patients to life-threatening myocardial ischemia or arrhythmias, depending on where the artery runs.
Clinica...
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Anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus
Anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus (AIMM) is an anatomical variation of the insertion of the anterior root of the medial meniscus.
Terminology
Defined as a congenital variation in the insertion of the anterior root of the medial meniscus onto the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The...
Article
Ansa cervicalis
The ansa cervicalis (or ansa hypoglossi, an archaic synonym) is a component of the cervical plexus which gives muscular branches to the geniohyoid muscle of the suprahyoid group and most of the infrahyoid (strap) muscles (excluding the thyrohyoid muscle).
It lies within the carotid triangle, s...
Article
Ansa pancreatica
The ansa pancreatica is a rare type of anatomical variation of the pancreatic duct. It is a communication between the main pancreatic duct (of Wirsung) and the accessory pancreatic duct (of Santorini). Recently, the ansa pancreatica has been considered as a predisposing factor in patients with i...
Article
Anterior abdominal wall
The anterior abdominal wall forms the anterior limit of the abdominal viscera and is defined superiorly by the xiphoid process of the sternum and costal cartilages and inferiorly by the iliac crest and pubic bones of the pelvis.
Gross anatomy
In general, the anterior abdominal wall has nine la...
Article
Anterior angulation of the coccyx
Anterior angulation of the coccyx may be a normal variant but poses a diagnostic challenge for those considering coccygeal trauma.
Classification
Four types of coccyx have been described:
type I: the coccyx is curved slightly forward, with its apex pointing caudally (~70%)
type II: the coccy...
Article
Anterior ankle tendons (mnemonic)
A mnemonic that refers to the order of the anterior ankle tendons around the ankle is:
Tom Hates Dick
The mnemonic can be used to remember the order of the tendons from medial to lateral as they pass under the extensor retinaculum of the ankle.
Mnemonic
T: tibialis anterior
H: extensor hal...
Article
Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
The anterior atlanto-occipital membrane is a thin membrane that joins the upper border of the anterior arch of the atlas (C1) to the anterior inferior surface of the foramen magnum. It is a continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament above the C1 level. It is immediately posterior to the ...
Article
Anterior cardiac veins
The anterior cardiac veins are a group of parallel coronary veins that course over the anterior surface of the right ventricle, draining it and entering directly into the right atrium. They may occasionally drain into the small cardiac vein.
Article
Anterior cardinal veins
The anterior cardinal veins are paired transient embryologic venous vessels which deliver venous return to the heart starting at about 4 weeks of gestation 1.
Embryogenesis
The anterior cardinal veins begin their embryological development as symmetric venous channels draining blood from the cr...
Article
Anterior cerebral artery
The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) along with the middle cerebral artery (MCA) forms at the termination of the internal carotid artery (ICA). It is the smaller of the two, and arches anteromedially to pass anterior to the genu of the corpus callosum, dividing as it does so into its two major bra...
Article
Anterior cervical space
The anterior cervical space is a small infrahyoid compartment of the head and neck. It is a fat containing space and is not enclosed by fascia 1.
Gross anatomy
Contents
areolar fat
Relations
posterior: carotid space
medial: visceral space
superior: submandibular space
Related pathology
...
Article
Anterior choroidal artery
The anterior choroidal artery (AChA) supplies several crucial anatomical structures of the brain important for vision and motor control. Identification of AChA is important because of its strategic and extensive area of supply as well as large variations in the territorial distribution.
Gross a...
Article
Anterior cingulate cortex
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), previously known as the precingulate, is a region of the brain surrounding the anterior corpus callosum. It is involved in the limbic system and the prefrontal cortex.
Summary
location: it is located superior to the anterior corpus callosum, more specifical...
Article
Anterior circulation
The anterior circulation is the blood supply to the anterior portion of the brain, including most of the supratentorial structures excluding the occipital lobes.
The anterior circulation is supplied by the internal carotid arteries which each divide into two the large terminal branches, the ant...
Article
Anterior commissure
The anterior commissure (AC) is a transversely oriented commissural white matter tract that connects the two cerebral hemispheres along the midline. It is a very important anatomical landmark that connects different parts of the limbic system on both sides and plays a role in the interhemispheri...
Article
Anterior commissure of the larynx
The anterior commissure of the larynx is the anterior junction point of the true vocal cords. It is bounded anteriorly by the thyroid cartilage and is part of the laryngeal glottis.
Article
Anterior communicating artery
The anterior communicating artery (ACOM) arises from the anterior cerebral artery and acts as an anastomosis between the left and right anterior cerebral circulation. Approximately 4 mm in length, it demarcates the junction between the A1 and A2 segments of the anterior cerebral artery.
Branche...
Article
Anterior compartment of the arm
The anterior compartment of the arm is one of the two compartments of the arm.
A sheath of deep fascia surrounds the arm, the brachial fascia. Two intermuscular septa (medial and lateral) extend from it to attach to the humerus at the medial condylar ridge and lateral supracondylar ridge, respe...
Article
Anterior compartment of the forearm
The forearm is divided into the anterior compartment and the posterior compartment by the deep fascia, lateral intermuscular septum and the interosseous membrane between the ulna and radius.
Muscles
The eight muscles located in the anterior compartment of the forearm can be divided into three...
Article
Anterior compartment of the leg
The anterior compartment of the leg is one of the four compartments in the leg between the knee and foot. Muscles within this compartment primarily produce ankle dorsiflexion and toe extension.
The leg is separated into anterior, lateral, superficial posterior and deep posterior compartments by...
Article
Anterior compartment of the thigh
The anterior compartment of the thigh is one of the three compartments in the thigh. Muscles within this compartment primarily produce hip flexion and knee extension.
The thigh is separated into anterior, posterior and medial (adductor) compartments by intermuscular septa and surrounded by the ...
Article
Anterior condylar confluence
The anterior condylar confluence is an extracranial venous structure at the base of skull that communicates extensively with regional veins and dural venous sinuses.
It is located immediately anterior to the hypoglossal canal and medial to the jugular vein, just inferior to the jugular bulb an...
Article
Anterior corticospinal tract
The anterior corticospinal tract is formed at the level of the of the medullary pyramids, where the majority (90%) of descending corticospinal tract fibers decussate to form the lateral corticospinal tract. The majority of the remaining non-decussating 10% of fibers form the much smaller anterio...
Article
Anterior cranial fossa
The anterior cranial fossa constitutes the floor of the cranial vault which houses the frontal lobes of the brain.
Gross anatomy
Structures present in the midline of the anterior cranial fossa from anterior to posterior are:
groove for superior sagittal sinus
groove for anterior meningeal v...
Article
Anterior cruciate ligament
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the two cruciate ligaments that stabilize the knee joint.
Gross anatomy
The ACL arises from the anteromedial aspect of the intercondylar area on the tibial plateau and passes upwards and backwards to attach to the posteromedial aspect of the lateral ...
Article
Anterior division of the mandibular nerve
The anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve has four branches, which are all motor branches except one. The four branches are:
deep temporal nerves
lateral pterygoid nerves
masseteric nerve
buccal nerve
Article
Anterior epitympanic recess
The anterior epitympanic recess, also known as the supratubal recess, is a small discrete space in the epitympanum anterior to the malleus. It is separated from the epitympanum proper by the cog.
Article
Anterior ethmoidal artery
The anterior ethmoid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery. It supplies the anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses, frontal sinus, the lateral nasal wall and the nasal septum (see nasal cavity).
Gross anatomy
It traverses the anterior ethmoidal foramen with the anterior ethmoidal nerve (w...
Article
Anterior ethmoidal foramen
The anterior ethmoid foramen is a small opening in the ethmoid bone. It is the anatomical border of anterior and posterior ethmoid air cells. It transmits the anterior ethmoidal artery, vein and nerve.
The anterior ethmoid foramen is situated 25 mm away from the lacrimal crest, 12 mm anterior t...
Article
Anterior ethmoidal nerve
The anterior ethmoidal nerve is an extraconal branch of the nasociliary nerve, a branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Some authors describe it as either the terminal branch or a direct continuation of the nasociliary nerve. It branches off distal to the infratrochlear nerv...
Article
Anterior ethmoidal notch
The anterior ethmoidal notch contains the anterior ethmoidal artery and has significant rates of anatomic variation that put the artery during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).
Gross anatomy
The anterior ethmoidal notch lies in the medial wall of the superomedial orbit, adjacent to t...
Article
Anterior fontanelle
The anterior or frontal fontanelle is the diamond-shaped soft membranous gap (fontanelle) at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures. It persists until approximately 18-24 months after birth, after which it is known as the bregma. The precise timing of the anterior fontanelle closure is...
Article
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
The anterior humeral circumflex artery is a vessel arising from the axillary artery at the proximal part of the arm. It is smaller in size relative to the posterior humeral circumflex artery.
Summary
origin: branch of the axillary artery at the proximal part of the arm
location: proximal arm...
Article
Anterior humeral line
The anterior humeral line is key to demonstrating normal elbow alignment and should be used whenever reading a pediatric elbow radiograph to exclude a subtle supracondylar fracture.
Measurement
A line drawn down the anterior surface of the humerus should intersect the middle third of the capit...
Article
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
The anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) is one of three vessels that provides arterial blood supply to the cerebellum. It has a variable origin, course and supply, with up to 40% of specimens not having an identifiable standard AICA. The amount of tissue supplied by the AICA is variable (...
Article
Anterior inferior iliac spine
The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) is bony prominence on the anterior border of the ilium forming the superior border of the acetabulum.
Attachments include the Iliacus, origin of straight head of the rectus femoris, and also the proximal ileofemoral ligament (Y-ligament or ligament of Bi...
Article
Anterior intercostal arteries
The intercostal spaces are supplied by pairs of posterior and anterior intercostal arteries.
Gross Anatomy
The 1st to 6th anterior intercostal arteries arise directly from the lateral aspect of the internal thoracic artery. The 7th to 9th arise from the musculophrenic artery, a branch of the i...
Article
Anterior interosseous artery
The anterior interosseous artery is one of the two branches of the short common interosseous artery (from the ulnar artery). The artery courses deep in the anterior compartment of the forearm on the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane along with the anterior interosseous nerve (from th...
Article
Anterior interosseous nerve
The anterior interosseous nerve also known as the volar interosseous nerve arises from the median nerve in the forearm, and supplies the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus and the lateral portion of flexor digitorum profundus.
Gross anatomy
Origin
The anterior interosseous nerve conti...
Article
Anterior jugular vein
The anterior jugular vein is a paired tributary of the external jugular vein.
Gross anatomy
Location
It arises beneath the chin in the region of the hyoid bone or suprahyoid neck.
Origin and course
The anterior jugular vein has its origin as the confluence of several small superficial subma...
Article
Anterior junction line
The anterior junction (or junctional) line is a feature of frontal chest radiographs and chest CTs. It is a result of the parietal and visceral pleura meeting anteromedially. It normally contains a small amount of fat but can form a stripe of variable thickness if there is a lot of fat present o...
Article
Anterior knee fat pads
There are three anterior knee fat pads 1:
infrapatellar fat pad (of Hoffa)
fills the space between the patella ligament and the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia 2
posterior suprapatellar (prefemoral or supratrochlear) fat pad
anterior suprapatellar (quadriceps) fat pad
fills the spa...
Article
Anterior lacrimal crest
The anterior lacrimal crest is a bony projection on the frontal process of the maxilla continuous with the orbital rim which creates the lateral margin of the lacrimal sac fossa. The medial palpebral ligament is attached to anterior lacrimal crest.
Immediately anterior to the anterior lacrimal ...
Article
Anterior lateral malleolar artery
The anterior lateral malleolar artery is the counterpart to the anterior medial malleolar artery, supplies the lateral aspect of the ankle.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
branch of anterior tibial artery
runs posterior to the tendons of extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius to th...
Article
Anterior left perihepatic space
The anterior left perihepatic (or subhepatic) space is a potential space located between the diaphragm and the anterosuperior aspect of the left lobe of the liver.
Gross anatomy
The anterior left perihepatic space is separated from the posterior left perihepatic space by the left lobe of the ...
Article
Anterior left subphrenic space
The anterior left subphrenic space is a potential space between the fundus of the stomach and the left hemidiaphragm 1,2.
Gross anatomy
The anterior left subphrenic space is a subcompartment of the left supramesocolic space.
Boundaries
medial: falciform ligament (separates it from the anter...
Article
Anterior longitudinal ligament
The anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) runs along the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies (firmly united to the periosteum) and intervertebral discs (attaching to the anterior annulus). It ascends from the anterosuperior portion of the sacrum superiorly to become the anterior atlantooccip...
Article
Anterior medial malleolar artery
Anterior medial malleolar artery is the counterpart to the anterior lateral malleolar artery, and supplies the medial aspect of the ankle.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
branch of anterior tibial artery
arises approximately 5 cm proximal to the ankle
passes posterior to the tendons of exte...
Article
Anterior mediastinum
The anterior mediastinum is the portion of the mediastinum anterior to the pericardium and below the thoracic plane.
It forms the anterior part of the inferior mediastinum, and contains the thymus, lymph nodes, and may contain the portions of a retrosternal thyroid.
Related pathology
The comm...
Article
Anterior naris
The anterior (or external) nares (singular: naris) (or nostrils) form the entrance to the nose. Each naris is formed by a ring of structures:
medially the columella (soft tissue anteroinferior portion of the nasal septum)
laterally and superiorly the nasal ala
inferiorly the nasal sill
By vi...
Article
Anterior oblique ligament of the thumb
The anterior oblique ligament of the thumb is one of several carpometacarpal ligaments of the thumb and also one of its main stabilizers 1.
Terminology
The anterior oblique ligament of the thumb is also known as ‘beak ligament’. It can be divided into a superficial and a deep component and som...
Article
Anterior pararenal space
The anterior pararenal space is the portion of the retroperitoneum that lies between the posterior surface of the parietal peritoneum and the anterior reflection of the perirenal fascia.
Gross anatomy
It contains the duodenum (D2 & D4), pancreas and retroperitoneal segments of the ascending an...
Article
Anterior perforated substance
The anterior perforated substance, or substantia perforata anterior, is an area in the basal forebrain that plays an important role with regards to the blood supply of deep grey matter structures of the brain.
Gross anatomy
Located within the basal forebrain, the anterior perforated substance...
Article
Anterior pituitary
The anterior pituitary (or adenohypophysis) is by far the largest part of the pituitary gland, and is responsible for synthesis and release of most pituitary hormones (with the exception of oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which are released by the posterior pituitary).
It consists of 3 ...
Article
Anterior pontine membrane
The anterior pontine membrane is an arachnoid membrane located anteriorly in the posterior fossa to the side of the basilar artery, separating the prepontine cistern (medially) form the cerebellopontine cistern (laterally) 1.
The abducens nerve (CN VI) travels within the membrane as it ascends...
Article
Anterior right subhepatic space
The anterior right subhepatic space is a potential space between the inferior surface of the right lobe of the liver and the transverse colon.
Gross Anatomy
The anterior right subhepatic space is separated from Morison’s pouch (also known as the posterior right subhepatic space) by the transve...
Article
Anterior shoulder capsular insertion
The anterior capsular insertion, unlike the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint capsule which has a constant scapular attachment along the margins of the glenoid labrum, inserts a variable distance from the labrum.
The capsular insertions are classified as follows:
type I: at or very near t...
Article
Anterior spinal artery
The anterior spinal artery supplies the anterior portion of the spinal cord and arises from the vertebral artery in the region of the medulla oblongata. The two vertebral arteries (one of which is usually bigger than the other) anastamose in the midline to form a single anterior spinal artery at...
Article
Anterior spinal commissure
The anterior spinal commissure connects the left and right sides of the spinal cord anteriorly. It is located between the posterior-most extent of the anterior median fissure anteriorly and the ventral grey matter commissure posteriorly 1.
It is composed of anterior and lateral spinothalamic t...
Article
Anterior spinothalamic tract
The anterior spinothalamic tract, also known as the ventral spinothalamic fasciculus, is an ascending pathway located anteriorly within the spinal cord, primarily responsible for transmitting coarse touch and pressure.
The lateral spinothalamic tract (discussed separately), in contrast, primar...
Article
Anterior superior alveolar canal
The anterior superior alveolar canal courses through the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus, and contains the anterior superior alveolar nerve, artery and vein. Usually, it shares a common channel with the infraorbital canal but when seen separately should not be confused for a fracture.
Article
Anterior superior alveolar nerve
The anterior superior alveolar nerve, also known as the anterior superior dental nerve, is the third branch of the infra-orbital nerve, from the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. It is the largest of the superior alveolar nerves and contributes to the superior dental plexus.
Gross an...
Article
Anterior superior iliac spine
The anterior superior iliac spine is an important bony surface landmark and is the prominence is the most anterior part of the ilium. It can be palpated at the lateral end of the inguinal fold. Attachments include the inguinal ligament, sartorius muscle and depending on which resource you read, ...
Article
Anterior talofibular ligament
The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is part of the lateral collateral ligament complex of the ankle. Its role is to stabilize the talus. It is also the weakest of the lateral collateral ankle ligaments.
Gross anatomy
The ATFL is an intracapsular flat two-banded ligament that arises from ...
Article
Anterior temporal artery
The anterior temporal artery is usually a branch of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) that curves out of the Sylvian fissure and runs over the temporal lobe to supply the anterior third of the superior, middle and inferior temporal gyri.
Variant anatomy
The temporopolar arter...
Article
Anterior tibial artery
The anterior tibial artery is the main arterial supply of the anterior compartment of the leg.
Gross anatomy
The anterior tibial artery arises from the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa and continues distally as the dorsalis pedis artery.
Course
The popliteal artery usually divides at...
Article
Anterior tibial vein
The anterior tibial veins, continuations of the venae comitantes of the dorsalis pedis artery, leave the anterior compartment of the leg between the tibia and fibula and pass through the proximal end of the interosseous membrane. They unite with the posterior tibial veins to form the popliteal v...