These images show one of the most typical 3D printing workflows for surgical planning in which a 3D modality i.e. CT or MRI is segmented semi-automatically via computer algorithms into relevant organs to prepare a mesh file, then printed by fused deposition modeling.

Authors: Witowski et al.

Originally published in European Radiology: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06511-2

Modifications: Cropped and adjusted into two pages.

License: This file is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution--Non-Commercial 4.0 International License. (CC BY NC 4.0)

If you believe your copyright has been infringed, please write to [email protected] giving details of why you believe this is so.