Which malignancies more commonly occur in patients with a horseshoe kidney?
Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and Wilm's tumour
Which is trisomy 21,18 and 13 are associated with a horseshoe kidney?
All of the trisomy syndromes have an increased incidence of horseshoe kidney.
What is now the commonest presentation with renal cell carcinoma?
More than 50% of all of renal cell carcinomas are now identified incidentally. That is to say found on imaging investigations performed for other indications. This means more early stage tumours are identified and treated.
5 cm right renal cell carcinoma with a horseshoe kidney.