Modern CT machines with a 32 slice and above capability offer CT fluroscopic functions for use in CT guided procedures.

This has several advantages:

a. More control to operating radiologist

b. Speedier procedure

c. Lower dose procedure

Initial systems allowed for a single slice to be shown - this had its limitations.  However, one can now acquire 3 images (head, center, feet) given much more confidence on the exact needle position.

The process of biopsy remains otherwise the same, with a flawless biopsy ( no repositioning due to angulation of patient movement ) having 5 steps.

A. Image aqusition with markers to plan approach.

B. Check of maintained position and angulation planning with infiltration needle.

C. Co-axial insertion - check correct route prior to pleural breech.

D. Advancement of co-axial needle to lesion and biopsy aqusition.

E. Post biopsy pneumothorax check.