What is mitral stenosis?
Thickening and immobility of the mitral valve leaflets leading to obstruction to blood flow from the left atrium to left ventricle.
What is the diagnostic approach?
Echocardiography and chest x-ray coupled with clinical findings.
What are common associated findings?
Mitral annular calcifications, mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension.
X ray findings:
- enlarged cardiac shadow
- straightening of left heart border
- double right heart border
- splaying of carinal angle