Unresectable cholangiocarcinoma - Yttrium-90 microsphere radioembolization

Discussion:

The case represents targeted radiotherapy of inoperable liver cancer (pathologically proven cholangiocarcinoma) with no evidence of metastases, portal vein thrombosis or lung shunting using transhepatic arterial embolization with biocompatible Y-90 microspheres. Based on the fact that primary cancer liver is supplied by arterial blood supply meanwhile normal liver tissues supplied by portal blood. 

The post-procedural CT is limited as compared to PET/CT in diagnosing tumor response to therapy. Here the portal venous phase shows larger tumor size which is either tumor necrosis or viable tumor tissues (tumor tissue didn't respond to microspheres targeted therapy). All the filled in areas on delayed images represent viable tumor tissues.

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