Acute cerebellitis represents an inflammatory process involving the cerebellum as a complication that may follow systemic infection. A common neuroimaging finding is bilateral cerebellar hyperintense T2 signal.

Differential considerations for this appearance include cerebellar infarction, opioid toxicity, and PRES. Infarction and opioid toxicity would exhibit diffusion restriction, while PRES should have a history of hypertension.