Breast cancer is the most common cause of brain metastases in females. It may metastasize to the brain via a hematogenous and leptomeningeal route.  This indicates a poor prognosis and a decreased quality of life. Approximately 10% to 16% of patients with metastatic breast cancer develop brain metastasis during their disease.

Risk factors implicated in the development of brain metastasis in patients with breast cancer include young age, negative hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification, and p53 overexpression.

Differential diagnosis of cerebral metastasis includes; brain abscesses, demyelinating disease, glioblastoma, and lymphoma.