What is indicative of arterial to venous shunt?
Tortuous and enlarged subarachnoid vessels.
How do microbleeds manifest on MRI?
As punctuate foci of signal loss on T2*-weighted gradient echo (GE) or susceptibility-weighted (SWI) images.
What is indicative of vasogenic edema?
High signal on T2-weighted and FLAIR images, high ADC and no significant increased signal on DWI with high b values.
Selected projections from 4-vessel brain digital subtraction angiography (DSA).
There is an arteriovenous fistula with filling and enlargement of superficial veins around the brainstem and spinal cord from a branches of the internal carotid artery.