Paediatric Fracture/Trauma
- Greenstick fracture
- Incomplete fracture -> bending of bone
- Usually mid diaphysial
- Bowing fractures
- Incomplete fracture
- Usually found with transverse or greenstick fracture of paired bone (eg. radial greenstick & ulna bowing fracture)
- Salter-Harris fractures
- Straight through - good prognosis
- Above - good prognosis, mot common
- Lower - poorer prognosis
- Through - poor prognosis
- Rammed - worst prognosis
- Torus fracture = circumferential buckle fracture
- Monteggia fracture/dislocation
- Proximal ulna fracture and radial head dislocation
- GRIMUS
- Galeazzi = Radius Inferior (distal)
- Monteggia = Ulnar Superior (proximal)
- Apophyseal avulsion
- Pelvis/hip: ASIS, AIIS, ischial tuberosity
- 5th metatarsal
- Toddler fracture
- Undisplaced spiral tibia fracture
NAI
- Metaphyseal fractures (corner fractures) -> pathagnomic
- Rib fractures (posterior)
- Skull fractures
- Scapular & sternal fractures
- Spiral femur fractures in non-weightbearing children
Bone Infarcts
- Osteonecrosis of metaphysics or diaphysis
- XR: sheet like central lucency surrounded by shell-like sclerosis with serpiginous border
- MRI: central signal isointense to marrow -> marrow not replaced, T1 serpiginous low signal, T2 high
Brodie Abscess = intraosseous abscess
- Lytic lesion in oval configuration with thick sclerotic rim fading into surrounding bone
Transient Synovitis
- Clinical diagnosis
- Cause of hip pain and limp in young children
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
- 13/100,000
- Oligoarticular or polyarticular
- May have systemic onset (Still disease) with spiking fevers and rash