Articles
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More than 200 results
Article
Fluid-fluid level containing bone lesions (mnemonic)
There is a handy mnemonic for fluid-fluid levels of bone lesions on MRI:
GOATS CSF
Mnemonic
G: giant cell tumor
O: osteoblastoma
A: aneurysmal bone cyst
T: telangiectatic osteosarcoma
S: sarcomas
C: chondroblastoma
S: simple (unicameral) bone cyst
F: fibroxanthoma
Article
Accessory ossicles of the wrist (mnemonic)
The accessory ossicles of the wrist can be easily recalled with the mnemonics:
LOTTEO 1
HOTELS
Mnemonics
LOTTEO
L: lunula
O: os styloideum (carpal boss)
T: (os) triangulare
T: (os) trapezium secondarium
E: (os) epilunate
O: os hamuli proprium
HOTELS
H: (os) hamuli proprium
O: os tri...
Article
Lichen aureus (mnemonic)
The skin changes of lichen aureus can be remembered with the following mnemonic:
5 Ps of lichen aureus
Mnemonic
pigmented purpuric papules in peripheral patches
Article
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (mnemonic)
Clinical diagnosis requires the presence of at least two criteria to confirm the presence of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) 1.
These diagnostic criteria can be remembered with the mnemonic:
CAFE SPOT
Mnemonic
C: café-au-lait spots (greater than six seen during one year)
A: axillary or ingui...
Article
Causes of breast edema (mnemonic)
The causes of breast edema can be remembered using the mnemonic:
VIRALS
Mnemonic
V: venous obstruction
I: inflammatory breast cancer
R: radiotherapy
A: abscess
L: lymphatic obstruction
S: surgery (recent), secondaries 2
Article
Persistent communications between the carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to recall the persistent communications between the anterior (carotid) and posterior (vertebrobasilar) systems is:
HOT Pepper
Knowledge of these anatomical variants is important to avoid confusion with pathology and to prevent inadvertent injury during surgery.
Mnemonic
H: hypoglo...
Article
Internal jugular vein tributaries (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic to remember the branches of the internal jugular vein is:
Medical Schools Let Fun People In
Mnemonic
From inferior to superior:
M: middle thyroid vein
S: superior thyroid vein
L: lingual vein
F: facial vein
P: pharyngeal vein
I: inferior petrosal sinus
Article
Intracranial hypotension (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic to remember the features of intracranial hypotension is:
SEEPS
Mnemonic
S: subdural fluid collections
E: enhancement of the pachymeninges
E: engorgement of the venous sinuses
P: pituitary hyperemia
S: sagging brain
See also
intracranial hypotension
Article
Branches of anterior and posterior divisions of the internal iliac artery (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic to remember the branches of the anterior and posterior divisions of the internal iliac artery is:
I <3 U SUMO SIL which reads as "I love you sumo Sil"
Mnemonic
I: internal pudendal artery
I: inferior vesical artery *
I: inferior gluteal artery
U: uterine artery (in femal...
Article
Pulmonary cavity (mnemonic)
A particularly helpful mnemonic for causes of pulmonary cavities is:
CAVITY
Mnemonic
C: cancer
lung cancer: most frequently squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
cavitary pulmonary metastasis(es): most frequently SCC
A: autoimmune; granulomas from
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
rheumatoid ar...
Article
Tendons of pes anserinus (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for remembering the three conjoined tendons that make up the pes anserinus include:
Say Grace before Tea
SerGeanT
Sui Gas Supply
Mnemonics
From anterior to posterior, the tendons are:
Say Grace before Tea
S: sartorius
G: gracilis
T: semitendinosus
SerGeanT
S: sartorius
G: g...
Article
Soft tissue nodules in arthropathy (mnemonic)
Useful mnemonics to remember the differential diagnoses for soft tissue nodules in arthropathy are:
RAGS
"-oids"
Mnemonics
RAGS
R: rheumatoid arthritis
A: amyloid
G: gout
S: sarcoidosis
"-oids"
The aforementioned differential diagnoses end in "-oid":
rheumat-oid
amyl-oid
sarc-oid
g...
Article
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (ultrasound measurements mnemonic)
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis can be characterized on ultrasound by the measurements of the hypertrophic muscle. Although the criteria can vary from publication to publication, an easy way to keep in mind the values is using a mnemonic which relies upon remembering the first digits of the number...
Article
Upper and lower lobe distribution of bilateral pulmonary pathologies (mnemonic)
The upper and lower lobe distribution of certain bilateral pulmonary pathologies can be recalled using the following mnemonics:
upper lobe or apical predominance: CASSET HPP or SET CAP
lower lobe or bibasilar predominance: BAD RASH
Mnemonics
CASSET HPP
C: cystic fibrosis
A: ankylosing spon...
Article
Intrinsic muscles of the hand (mnemonic)
Useful mnemonics to recall the intrinsic muscles of the hand and some of their features include:
All For One And One For All
PAd DAb
FOAL/LOAF
Mnemonics
All For One And One For All
This mnemonic recalls the intrinsic muscles of the hand in their relative palmar anatomical position from lat...
Article
Inferior orbital fissure contents (mnemonic)
Mnemonic for the contents of the inferior orbital fissure (from medial to lateral) is:
Inferior Orbit Gets Infra-Orbital Nerves and VeinZ
Mnemonic
Inferior Orbit Gets Infra-Orbital Nerves and VeinZ
IO: inferior ophthalmic vein (tributary to both pterygoid venous plexus and cavernous sinus)
...
Article
Diaphyseal lesions (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for a short list of diaphyseal lesions is:
CEMENT
Mnemonic
C: bone cysts
E: enchondroma/Ewing sarcoma
M: bone metastasis
E: eosinophilic granuloma
N: non-ossifying fibroma (NOF)
T: tuberculosis/osteomyelitis
Article
Epiphyseal lesions (mnemonic)
The differential diagnosis for epiphyseal lesions can be recalled with mnemonics for the most common entities:
Chondroblastoma IS AGE-related 1
See the separate article for the full list: epiphyseal lesions (differential).
Mnemonics
Chondroblastoma IS AGE-related
This mnemonic notes the fac...
Article
Endobronchial metastases (mnemonic)
Primary neoplasms which may result in endobronchial metastases may be memorized by utilizing the following mnemonic:
Kiss My RBC 1
Mnemonic
K: Kaposi sarcoma
M: melanoma
R: renal cell carcinoma
B: breast cancer
C: colorectal carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoid
See also
endobronchi...
Article
Aortic arch branches (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic to remember the major branches of the aortic arch is:
ABC'S
Mnemonic
A: arch of aorta
B: brachiocephalic trunk
C: left common carotid artery
S: left subclavian artery