205 results found
Article
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an autosomal dominant microvasculopathy characterized by recurrent lacunar and subcortical white matter ischemic strokes and vascular dementia in young and middle age patients without known va...
Article
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a cerebrovascular disorder caused by the accumulation of cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) in the tunica media and adventitia of leptomeningeal and cortical vessels of the brain. The resultant vascular fragility tends to manifest in normotensive elderly patients as lob...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (D)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter D and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (M)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter M and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R ...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (P)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter P and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R ...
Article
Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis is defined by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.
There are three patterns of arteriosclerosis:
atherosclerosis: large and medium-sized arteries
Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis: muscular arteries
arteriolosclerosis: small arteries and arterioles
At...
Article
Parkinson disease
Parkinson disease (PD), also known as idiopathic Parkinson disease (iPD), is a neurodegenerative disease and movement disorder characterized by resting tremor, rigidity and hypokinesia due to progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
Epidemiology
Parkinson dise...
Article
Interpeduncular angle
The interpeduncular angle is defined as the angle formed by the posterior half of the cerebral peduncles on axial images. The interpeduncular angle has been proposed as a sensitive and specific measure of intracranial hypotension (reduced) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (increased)1,2....
Article
Twin embolization syndrome
Twin embolization syndrome (TES) is a rare complication of a monozygotic twin pregnancy following an in utero demise of the co-twin.
Pathology
It was traditionally thought to result from the passage of thromboplastic material into the circulation of the surviving twin which causes ischemic str...
Article
Rasmussen encephalitis
Rasmussen encephalitis, also known as chronic focal encephalitis, is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, usually affecting one brain hemisphere.
It is not to be confused with a Rasmussen aneurysm.
Epidemiology
Most cases (85% of cases) occur in children under the age of 10 years...
Article
Alzheimer disease
Alzheimer disease is a common neurodegenerative disease, responsible for 60-80% of all dementias, and imposing a significant burden on developed nations. It is associated with an accumulation and deposition of cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) and is the most common cerebral amyloid deposition disease.
...
Article
Wallerian degeneration
Wallerian degeneration is the process of antegrade degeneration of the axons and their accompanying myelin sheaths following proximal axonal or neuronal cell body lesions. It may result following neuronal loss due to cerebral infarction, trauma, necrosis, focal demyelination, or hemorrhage.
Pa...
Article
Cerebral small vessel disease
Cerebral small vessel disease, also known as cerebral microangiopathy, is an umbrella term for lesions in the brain attributed to pathology of small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, or small veins. It is the most common cause of vascular dementia/cognitive impairment and is a major ca...
Article
Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy
Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr) is a very rare type of sporadic human prion disease that was first described in 2008.
Epidemiology
Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy is very rare, with an annual incidence of 1-2 per million 5.
Clinical presentation
Clinical presentation ...
Case
Neurosyphilis
Published
18 Mar 2024
77% complete
MRI
Article
Neurosyphilis
Neurosyphilis results from infection of the central nervous system by the spirochete Treponema pallidum, subspecies pallidum. The disease has a heterogeneous spectrum of early and late manifestations.
For a general discussion, and for links to other system-specific manifestations, please refer ...
Case
Sturge-Weber syndrome
Published
15 Mar 2024
80% complete
CT
Article
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a relatively common acquired chronic demyelinating disease involving the central nervous system, and is the second most common cause of neurological impairment in young adults, after trauma 19. Characteristically, and by definition, multiple sclerosis is disseminated i...
Case
Cerebral fat embolism (type 2A) - confluent edema in white matter
Published
09 Mar 2022
68% complete
X-ray
CT
Article
Subacute combined degeneration of the cord
Subacute combined degeneration of the cord is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency.
Epidemiology
Most common in patients older than 40 years and especially older than 60 years 7.
Clinical presentation
The clinical presentation of subacute combined degeneration is usually with loss of vibration ...
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