28 results found
Article
Fetal ovarian cyst
Fetal ovarian cysts refer to an ovarian cyst detected antenatally in a female fetus. They are relatively uncommon and are usually diagnosed in the 3rd trimester 5.
Epidemiology
From autopsy studies, they are found in up to 30% of fetuses 1.
Pathology
The exact etiology is not well known at t...
Case
Ovarian cyst
Published
08 Dec 2013
79% complete
Ultrasound
Case
Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst
Published
08 Dec 2013
79% complete
Ultrasound
Case
Fetal ovarian cyst
Published
10 Aug 2018
69% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Theca lutein cyst
Theca lutein cysts, also known as hyperreactio luteinalis, are a type of functional ovarian cyst. They are typically multiple and seen bilaterally.
Epidemiology
Associations
They have a very high association with gestational trophoblastic disease.
Other reported associations include:
multif...
Case
Anembryonic pregnancy and ovarian dermoid cyst
Published
21 Aug 2018
75% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Sonographic values in obstetrics and gynecology
Obstetric and gynecological ultrasound is rampant with numerous cut-off values. Some of these get revised over the years. The following list is a useful aid to refer to and revise.
1 mm
rate of increase of a mean sac diameter per day in early pregnancy
2 mm
generally accepted value for a thi...
Article
Umbilical vein varix
Umbilical vein varix (UVV) refers to a focal dilatation of the umbilical vein.
Epidemiology
Associations
UVVs were initially thought to have a high association with other anomalies which include:
chromosomal anomalies: 5-12% with FIUVV 2,3
Down syndrome
underlying congenital cardiovascul...
Article
Fetal intra-abdominal cysts (differential)
Fetal intra-abdominal cystic lesions can arise from a number of physiological and pathological causes.
Physiological
fetal gastric dilatation / fetal gastric bubble (can be pathological if there is a gastric outlet obstruction
normal fetal gallbladder
Pathological
No color flow
fetal chole...
Article
Fetal enteric duplication cyst
Fetal enteric duplication cysts are enteric duplication cysts presenting in utero.
Pathology
They result from an abnormal recanalization of the gastrointestinal tract. They comprise of a two-layer smooth muscle wall and an internal epithelium of a respiratory or intestinal type. These cysts ma...
Article
Corpus luteal cyst rupture
Ruptured corpus luteal cysts are one of the commonest causes of spontaneous hemoperitoneum in a woman of reproductive age.
Clinical presentation
Presentation is variable, ranging from completely asymptomatic to severe abdominal pain due to peritoneal irritation.
Pathology
The corpus luteum i...
Article
Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst
Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cysts result from bleeding into corpus luteal cysts.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Commonly described findings include:
complex adnexal mass
adnexal thick-walled cystic lesion with lace-like strands
adnexal thick-walled cystic lesion with low-level echoes withi...
Article
Large for dates uterus
A large for date uterus is a clinical observation based on uterine fundal height, which may result in referral for ultrasound assessment, usually in mid to late pregnancy.
Pathology
Etiology
incorrect dates
constitutionally large fetus
multiple pregnancy
fetal macrosomia
polyhydramnios
u...
Article
Fetal ascites
Fetal ascites refers to the accumulation of free fluid in the fetal abdomen. It is often considered under the same spectrum of hydrops fetalis.
Pathology
Etiology
any condition that results in hydrops fetalis
additional causes include
idiopathic
bowel perforation (e.g. meconium peritonitis...
Article
Acute non-traumatic abdominal pain in pregnancy
Acute non-traumatic abdominal pain in pregnancy requires a considered imaging approach due to the increased risks of fetal demise associated with undiagnosed diseases such as perforated acute appendicitis. Ultrasound is the first-line modality due to its wide availability and ability to diagnose...
Case
Normal obstetrics scan (third trimester singleton)
Published
23 Nov 2022
100% complete
Ultrasound
Case
Ruptured hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst
Published
21 May 2010
97% complete
Ultrasound
Article
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of controlled ovarian stimulation, which is an assisted reproduction technique used for in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Rarely, it may also occur spontaneously in pregnancy (see below). It consists of ovarian enlargement with an extravascu...
Case
Polyzygotic twins - seven
Published
12 Jun 2019
94% complete
Ultrasound
Case
Retained products of conception
Published
06 Aug 2014
94% complete
Ultrasound
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