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Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.

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Amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery

Amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery describes an acute amnestic syndrome secondary to ischemic stroke affecting the subcallosal artery which leads to infarction of the bilateral fornices. Epidemiology The exact incidence of amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery is not known, but ...

Electrical impedance tomography

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a type of imaging based on sending small amounts of electrical current across tissue (when used for medical imaging), and measuring conductivity. Such measurements are done with electrodes around the object measured, and reconstruction algorithms are used...

C1-C2 false localizing sign (spine)

C1-C2 false localizing sign, sometimes referred to merely as C1-C2 sign, is seen on spinal imaging and can lead to the mislocalization of a CSF leak in individuals with intracranial hypotension. There are numerous reports of fluid at this location that have been interpreted as the actual site ...

Babygram

Babygram is a radiograph that captures the newborn's entire body, including limbs. Alternatively, it may only capture the chest and abdomen. Indications Babygram is done in AP and lateral views in post-mortem studies of the stillborn foetus or after the termination of pregnancy due to gross co...

Intersublobar septum

The intersublobar septum is a commonly occurring thin strand of intrapulmonary loose connective tissue that typically connects inferior pulmonary vein branches to the pulmonary ligament and may extend inferiorly to the diaphragm. The septum is apparent in about 78% of CT scans 1.

Cytokine release syndrome

Cytokine release syndrome refers to the overwhelming release of cytokines by T-cells or other immune effector cells in the absence of immunomodulation, which can result in severe systemic inflammation, coagulopathy, and multiorgan dysfunction 4. Severe manifestation of cytokine release syndrome ...

LI-RADS US Surveillance

Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Ultrasound Surveillance (LI-RADS US Surveillance) is a standardized system with recommendations for imaging technique, interpretation and reporting for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using unenhanced ultrasound in patients at high risk for ...

Bowel and mesenteric trauma injury grading

A number of bowel and mesenteric injury grading systems have been proposed and validated for trauma to the bowel and/or mesentery based on CT and clinical parameters. Classifications RAPTOR 1 The RAdiographic Predictors of Therapeutic intervention score predicts the need for early therapeutic...

Post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome

Post-acute COVID-19 vaccination syndrome (PACVS) 1 was recently described in a fifty-year-old woman vaccinated (after the second BNT162b2 dose). Specifically, the patient was diagnosed with chronic myopericarditis, a coagulopathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and a series of other anomalies (oc...

Styloid (disambiguation)

Styloid is an anatomic term that refers to a thin, slender and pointed bony structure resembling a stylus or pen. Apart from the classic styloid process of the temporal bone, elsewhere the bony process is often just pointed and not very slender or long at all. Styloid processes are described in...

Glenoid (disambiguation)

Glenoid is an anatomic term that refers to a bony structure with a smooth shallow depression forming a socket as part of a joint. Glenoids are described in the: scapula contributing to the glenohumeral joint temporal bone contributing to the temporomandibular joint (often termed the mandibula...

CT/MRI LI-RADS

CT/MRI Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is an algorithm for diagnosing and staging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (CT/MRI Diagnostic LI-RADS) or assessing the response of HCC to locoregional treatment (CT/MRI Treatment Response LI-RADS) using CT or MRI with extracellular contras...

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is a rare spectrum of disorders with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance 6. The syndrome incorporates all of 5: Axenfeld anomaly: posterior embryotoxon and peripheral irido-corneal adhesions Rieger anomaly: findings of Axenfeld anomaly along with corectopia (m...

Intrathecal gadolinium-based contrast agents (off-label)

Intrathecal use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs), for example, in MR cisternography or MR myelography, is not approved by regulatory agencies such as the FDA, and as such, its use is considered off-label. Nonetheless, its use is relatively widespread, although infrequent, and numerou...

Flail mandible

A flail mandible is an uncommon type of comminuted fracture through the mandibular symphysis and bilateral condyle and/or rami which can result in posterior displacement and internal rotation of the mandibular bodies, eversion of the angles of the mandible, and glossoptosis. Together with concom...

Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids or anal cushions are normal vascular cushions of submucosal tissue present since birth in the anal canal and help in maintaining stool continence 2,6. Symptomatic pathological hemorrhoids occur secondary to raised intra-abdominal pressure 2. Epidemiology The prevalence of hemorrhoi...

CheckList for EvaluAtion of Radiomics research (CLEAR)

The CheckList for Evaluation of Radiomics Research (CLEAR) is a 58-item reporting guideline designed specifically for radiomics. It aims to improve the quality of reporting in radiomics research 1. CLEAR is endorsed by the European Society of Radiology (ESR) and the European Society of Medical I...

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles are type of permanent embolization agent used in interventional radiological procedures. Mechanism of action When injected, PVA particles adhere ot the vessel wall, activating the coagulation cascade and leading to vessel occlusion by provoking thrombus format...

MR cisternography

MR cisternography is an MR imaging technique useful in evaluating abnormalities in subarachnoid cisterns 1,2. It is the intracranial equivalent to MR myelography and can similarly be non-contrast-enhanced or, less commonly, contrast-enhanced (off-label). Clinical applications MR cisternography...

Parotitis

Parotitis refers to any inflammatory process affecting the parotid glands. It can be acute, chronic, focal, diffuse, unilateral or bilateral. Parotitis may be part of generalized sialadenitis or may occur on its own. Pathology Unilateral More common and often from infection/inflammation whic...

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