Articles

Cases

Courses

Articles

Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.

Create new article

More than 200 results

Primary and secondary hemochromatosis (mnemonic)

A mnemonic to remember the radiological features of hemochromatosis is: P's for primary and S's for secondary Mnemonic Primary hemochromatosis P: parenchymal (liver, myocardium, thyroid and synovium) P: pancreas P: pituitary P: poor liver (organ dysfunction and malignancy) Secondary hemo...

Red flags of low back pain (mnemonic)

Low back pain is a very common condition among primary care patients. Most patients have nonspecific low back pain (85-90%) and would have unremarkable radiographs. The purpose of the red flags is to aid in the recommendation for imaging of the spine. A mnemonic to remember the red flags of low ...

MEN1 triad (mnemonic)

Mnemonics to remember the classic triad of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) are: PPP PiParPanc ParaPanPit Mnemonics PPP P: pituitary adenoma: prolactinoma is commonest P: pancreatic endocrine tumors P: parathyroid proliferative disease parathyroid hyperplasia (most common) pa...

3-6-9 rule (bowel)

The 3-6-9 rule is a simple aide-memoire describing the normal bowel caliber: small bowel: <3 cm large bowel: <6 cm appendix: <6 mm cecum: <9 cm Above these dimensions, the bowel is generally considered dilated, and obstruction or an adynamic/paralytic ileus should be considered.

Sacral nerve plexus - posterior components (mnemonic)

A mnemonic to remember the posterior components of the sacral plexus is: Crime Scene InvestiGation Mnemonic C: common peroneal nerve S: superior gluteal nerve I: inferior gluteal nerve

Branches of the thoracoacromial artery (mnemonic)

Useful mnemonics to remember the four branches of the thoracoacromial artery are: ABCD CAlifornia Police Department Cadavers Are Dead People PACkeD Mnemonics ABCD A: acromial B: breast (pectoral) C: clavicular D: deltoid CAlifornia Police Department C: clavicular A: acromial P: pe...

Marginal artery of Drummond and arc of Riolan (mnemonic)

Remembering the colon vascular supply can be confusing because of inconstant collateral vascularization, therefore mnemonics can be helpful. One way to remember the location of the marginal artery of Drummond is to remember that it runs distally to the root of the mesentery (near the colon). I...

Superior orbital fissure (mnemonic)

A mnemonic for all structures passing through the superior orbital fissure (superior to inferior) is: Long Fissures Seem To Store Only Nerves, Instead Of Arteries, Including Ophthalmic Veins Mnemonics for the nerves passing through the superior orbital fissure include: Lazy French Tarts Sit N...

Male urethral segments (mnemonic)

A helpful mnemonic to remember the 4 segments of the male urethra from proximal to distal is: Pet My Beautiful Pig Mnemonic P: prostatic M: membranous B: bulbous P: penile Posterior urethra equates to the prostatic and membranous urethras. Anterior urethra equates to the bulbous and peni...

Multiple benign lucent bone lesions (mnemonic)

Some of the causes of multiple benign lucent bone lesions can be recalled with the following mnemonics: Never Pee On Huge Heavy Elephants From Jersey City CHEF JOHN P Mnemonics Never Pee On Huge Heavy Elephants From Jersey City N: neurofibromatosis (type 1) P: Paget disease O: Ollier dise...

Adynamic ileus (mnemonic)

A mnemonic for the common causes of adynamic ileus is: 5 Ps Mnemonic The classic "5 Ps" are: P: postoperative P: peritonitis P: potassium: low (also disturbances of other electrolytes) P: pelvic and spinal fractures P: parturition However, there are a few further Ps that can be included...

Muscular attachments of the hyoid bone (mnemonic)

A handy mnemonic to recall the muscle attachments of the hyoid bone. The first sentence is for six muscles attaching superiorly, the second sentence is for three muscles attaching inferiorly. Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial: Christopher, He Didn't See Girls Much. That's Obvio...

Vertebra plana (mnemonic)

Mnemonics to remember the causes of vertebra plana include: I MELT FETISH Mnemonics I MELT I: infection M: metastasis/myeloma E: eosinophilic granuloma L: lymphoma/leukemia T: trauma/tuberculosis FETISH F: fracture (trauma) E: eosinophilic granuloma T: tumor (e.g. metastases, myelom...

Acro-osteolysis (mnemonic)

The causes of acro-osteolysis can be remembered using the mnemonic: CHOP FINger PINCH FO Mnemonic CHOP FINger Potentially easy to remember because acro-osteolysis makes the affected phalanges look like they have been chopped off. C: collagen vascular disease, e.g. scleroderma, Raynaud dise...

Anterior ankle tendons (mnemonic)

A mnemonic that refers to the order of the anterior ankle tendons around the ankle is: Tom Hates Dick The mnemonic can be used to remember the order of the tendons from medial to lateral as they pass under the extensor retinaculum of the ankle. Mnemonic T: tibialis anterior H: extensor hal...

Retroperitoneal organs (mnemonic)

A useful mnemonic to remember which organs are retroperitoneal is: SAD PUCKER Mnemonic S: suprarenal (adrenal) gland A: aorta/IVC D: duodenum (second, third and fourth parts) P: pancreas (except tail) U: ureters C: colon (ascending and descending) K: kidneys E: (o)esophagus R: rectum

Segmental bronchi of the right lower lobe (mnemonic)

The anatomy of the segmental bronchi of the right lower lobe can be remembered by using one of several mnemonics. The segments are as follows: SMALL P (feel free to make the "P" into its own word) Sometimes My Animals Love Petting Mnemonics S: superior (B6) M: medial basal (B7) A: anteri...

Acute stroke symptoms (mnemonic)

Useful mnemonics to remember the symptoms of acute stroke are: FAST BE-FAST Mnemonics FAST F = face (look uneven?) A = arm (drift down?) S = speech (sound strange or difficulty speaking) T = time (brain cells die every second) BE-FAST B = balance (sudden loss of balance) E = eye (sudd...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (mnemonic)

A mnemonic to remember the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus is: MD SOAP BRAIN Mnemonic M: malar "butterfly" rash D: discoid rash S: serositis O: oral ulcers A: ANA positive P: photosensitivity, pleuritis/pericarditis B: blood (hematologic) abnormality R: renal disease ...

Acute bacterial meningitis complications (mnemonic)

The complications of acute bacterial meningitis can be remembered using the mnemonic: HACTIVE Mnemonic H: hydrocephalus A: abscess C: cerebritis / cranial nerve lesion T: thrombosis I: infarct V: ventriculitis/vasculopathy E: extra-axial collection: empyema and hygroma Related articles...

Filtered (1)Done (clear)

+Systems

×Article Sections

+Sort By

ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads

Updating… Please wait.

Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.

Thank you for updating your details.