Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
More than 200 results
Article
Tulip bulb sign
The tulip bulb sign refers to the characteristic appearance of annuloaortic ectasia as seen on CT angiography.
There is symmetric dilatation of the three sinuses of Valsalva, with extension into the ascending aorta and effacement of the sinotubular junction.
It is seen especially in Marfan sy...
Article
Inferior rectal artery
The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery and supplies the lower anal canal including the external anal sphincter.
Summary
origin: from internal pudendal artery, just after it enters the pudendal canal
course: runs anteromedially through the ischioanal fossa to reach...
Article
Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm
Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm refers to a pseudoaneurysm arising from the pulmonary arteries.
Pathology
A pseudoaneurysm results from a tear or disruption of all three layers of the vessel wall. Extravasated blood is contained by compressed extravascular tissue or a clot, which makes up the ...
Article
Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis is defined by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.
There are three patterns of arteriosclerosis:
atherosclerosis: large and medium-sized arteries
Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis: muscular arteries
arteriolosclerosis: small arteries and arterioles
At...
Article
Celiacomesenteric trunk
The celiacomesenteric trunk (CMT) represents an uncommon vascular anatomical variant where both the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) have a common origin from the abdominal aorta as a single trunk. Its frequency has been reported to occur in about 1.5% of the population 1,2....
Article
Diastolic pseudogating
Diastolic pseudogating appears as periodic bright and dark signal in arteries such as the aorta as one progresses through a series of images. Synchronisation of the cardiac cycle and the pulse sequence results in high signal in the artery during diastole when blood is relatively stationary and l...
Article
Coil herniation
A coil herniation refers to the part of a detachable coil prolapsing out of the aneurysm and into the parent artery. It is an uncommon complication and is typically seen at the end of the embolization procedure. Contributing factors include 1:
wide aneurysm neck
instability of the coil in the ...
Article
Fisher scale
The Fisher scale is the initial and best-known system of classifying the amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage on CT scans, described in 1980 4. Its primary use was in predicting the occurrence and severity of cerebral vasospasm, highest in grade 3 2,4.
Usage
Although it is known as a scale, fro...
Article
Double density sign (berry aneurysm)
Double density sign of berry aneurysms refers to the angiographic appearance of a small intracranial aneurysm projecting in front or behind a vessel of similar caliber. As such, the border of the aneurysm cannot easily be seen, but the extra contrast within it can be seen as a rounded area of in...
Article
Thalamostriate veins
Thalamostriate veins are formed by the joining of anterior caudate vein and the vein of stria terminalis. They join the septal veins and form internal cerebral veins.
Related pathology
The thalamostriate veins can be compressed in preterm neonates who have had germinal matrix hemorrhage. This ...
Article
Posterior external jugular vein
The posterior external jugular vein is a tributary of the external jugular vein.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
Forms from the confluence of several superficial veins in the posterosuperior neck and posterior scalp. It passes superficially over the posterior triangle to drain into the extern...
Article
Temporopolar artery
The temporopolar artery is usually a dorsolateral branch from the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and supplies the polar and anterolateral portions of the temporal lobe.
This artery may arise as a branch from the anterior temporal artery 1.
Article
Medial frontobasal artery
The medial frontobasal artery is a branch of the A2 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) which runs forward and basally along the medial surface of the hemisphere towards the frontal pole, suppling the orbital part of the frontal lobe from its medial side.
Article
Hughes-Stovin syndrome
Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS) is a vasculitis that predominantly affects large vessels. The disease bears some resemblance to Behçet disease.
Epidemiology
Hughes-Stovin syndrome is very rare 7. It occurs predominantly between the 2nd to 4th decades. There is a recognized male predilection.
Cl...
Article
Renal sympathetic denervation
Renal sympathetic denervation (RSDN), also known as renal denervation, is an interventional procedure that uses radiofrequency ablation to destroy the nerve endings in the wall of the renal arteries. Endovascular (trans-catheter) techniques are an alternative to surgical sympathectomy.
Indicat...
Article
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA) is a variant of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) characterized by inflammatory thickening of the aneurysm wall, perianeurysmal fibrosis, and adherence to surrounding structures.
Epidemiology
They account for ~5 to 10% of all AAAs.
Clinical present...
Article
Cabrol shunt
The Cabrol shunt or Cabrol fistula, also known as a perigraft-to-right atrial shunt, is a technique used for uncontrolled bleeding following aortic root operations.
Rationale
The Cabrol shunt is applied when bleeding from an aortic root reconstruction cannot be controlled by traditional means ...
Article
Circumflex fibular artery
The circumflex fibular artery is a minor artery of the leg.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
Most often arises from the posterior tibial artery, passes laterally round the neck of the fibula through the soleus to anastomose with the lateral inferior genicular, medial genicular and anterior tib...
Article
Infraorbital artery
The infraorbital artery is a branch of the third part of the maxillary artery. It runs through the inferior orbital fissure, orbit, infraorbital canal then the infraorbital foramen. Here it gives off the anterior superior alveolar artery which supplies the anterior teeth and the anterior part of...
Article
Anterior lateral malleolar artery
The anterior lateral malleolar artery is the counterpart to the anterior medial malleolar artery, supplies the lateral aspect of the ankle.
Gross anatomy
Origin and course
branch of anterior tibial artery
runs posterior to the tendons of extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius to th...
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