Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
More than 200 results
Article
Prostate atrophy
Prostatic atrophy is characterized by reduced cytoplasm prostatic acinar cells and constitutes a benign mimic of prostate cancer not only on imaging but also histologically.
Terminology
The term 'proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA)' is used if it is associated with inflammation.
Epidemio...
Article
Adenocarcinoma of the prostate with neuroendocrine differentiation
Adenocarcinoma of the prostate with neuroendocrine differentiation is a malignant neuroendocrine tumor of the prostate which only differs from acinar or ductal adenocarcinoma on immunohistochemistry staining.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate with neuroendocrine differe...
Article
Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the prostate
Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the prostate also known as low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate or carcinoid tumors of the prostate are low-grade neuroendocrine tumors arising from the prostate that may metastasize.
Epidemiology
Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tum...
Article
Prostatic acid phosphatase
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) also known as prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) is an enzyme generated by prostatic glandular tissue.
Usage
It can be used in immunohistochemistry to identify prostatic tissue including prostatic epithelium and prostatic ducts and is usually expressed ...
Article
Small cell carcinoma of the prostate
Small cell carcinomas of the prostate (SCCP) or small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the prostate are neuroendocrine tumors and are characterized by aggressive behavior and a proliferation of small cells.
Epidemiology
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the prostate are rare 1,2 and mak...
Article
CT chest abdomen-pelvis (protocol)
The CT chest-abdomen-pelvis protocol serves as an outline for an examination of the trunk covering the chest, abdomen and pelvis. It is one of the most common CT examinations conducted in routine and emergencies. It can be combined with a CT angiogram.
Note: This article aims to frame a genera...
Article
Adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicle
Adenocarcinomas of the seminal vesicles are the most common malignant primary neoplasm of the seminal vesicles.
Epidemiology
Primary adenocarcinomas of the seminal vesicles are very rare 1,2 and can be observed at a wide age range 2.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria
The following modified diag...
Article
Sacrococcygeal teratoma
Sacrococcygeal teratoma refers to a teratoma arising in the sacrococcygeal region. The coccyx is almost always involved 6.
Epidemiology
It is the most common congenital tumor in the fetus 11 and neonate 3. The incidence is estimated at ~1:35,000-40,000. There is a recognized female predilectio...
Article
High T1 bone lesion
High T1 bone lesions or T1 hyperintense bone lesions are radiological terms to categorize bone lesions with a high signal on T1 weighted images. Apart from the usual description of a bone lesion seen on MRI the terms can be used to categorize incidentally found solitary bone lesions in the Bone ...
Article
Breast MRI
Breast MRI is the most sensitive method (>90%) for the detection of breast cancer. Its role in diagnosis and management continues to evolve 13.
Terminology
Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI provides information about the morphology and function of a lesion with high sensitivity but moderate ...
Article
Lymph node enlargement
Lymph node enlargement (rarely lymphadenomegaly) is often used synonymously with lymphadenopathy, which is not strictly correct.
Terminology
Lymphadenopathy (or adenopathy) is, if anything, a broader term than lymph node enlargement, referring to any pathology of lymph nodes, not necessarily r...
Article
Anastomosing hemangioma
Anastomosing hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms consisting of thin-walled anastomosing vessels. These lesions have been just added to the WHO classification of soft tissue tumors in 2020 as a separate entity 1-3
Epidemiology
Anastomosing hemangiomas are rare lesions with a wide range of...
Article
Primary cardiac tumors
Primary cardiac tumors are uncommon and comprise only a small minority of all tumors that involve the heart: most are mediastinal or lung tumors that extend through the pericardium and into the heart, or metastases 1.
Epidemiology
Primary cardiac tumors have an estimated autopsy prevalence of ...
Article
Seminal vesicle cystadenoma
Seminal vesicle cystadenomas are a benign subgroup of mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the seminal vesicles.
Epidemiology
Benign tumors of the seminal vesicles are very rare and so are cystadenomas 1.
Clinical presentation
Voiding difficulties or hematuria have been reported as clinica...
Article
Cutaneous carcinoma of the head and neck (staging)
Cutaneous carcinoma of the head and neck staging refers to TNM staging of nonmelanoma skin cancer involving the scalp, external ear, neck, or face including external lips. The system applies to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and numerous other skin carcinomas, notably excluding eyelid carcino...
Article
Ischemic fasciitis
Ischemic fasciitis (rare plural: ischemic fasciitides) refers to a reactive pseudosarcomatous fibroblastic or myofibroblastic proliferation associated with physical constraints.
Terminology
Terms that are no longer recommended for use include ‘pseudosarcomatous fibromatosis’ and ‘atypical decu...
Article
Synchronous primary lung carcinoma
Synchronous primary lung carcinoma (SPLC) is a term given to the occurrence of two or more primary lung carcinomas within different portions of the lung in the same time period.
They are thought to carry the same pathophysiological mechanism as metachronous lung carcinoma (i.e. two or more prim...
Article
Splenic lymphoma
Splenic lymphoma, also termed as lymphomatous involvement of the spleen, represents the most common malignancy to involve the spleen. They are commonly secondary, rarely being primary (referred to as primary splenic lymphoma).
This article focuses on the location-specific primary and secondar...
Article
Occipital condyle syndrome
Occipital condyle syndrome describes the concurrence of unilateral occipital pain and ipsilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy, which localizes to pathology affecting an occipital condyle. While occipital condyle syndrome can have many potential causes, it nearly always represents a manifestation of ...
Article
Intramedullary spinal metastasis
Intramedullary spinal metastases are rare, occurring in ~1% of autopsied cancer patients, and are less common than leptomeningeal metastases.
Intramedullary lesions may result from:
growth along the Virchow-Robin spaces
hematogenous dissemination
direct extension from the leptomeninges
Epid...
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