Articles
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More than 200 results
Article
Deep cerebral vein thrombosis
Deep cerebral vein thrombosis is a subset of cerebral venous thrombosis involving the internal cerebral veins, often coexisting with cortical vein thrombosis or dural venous sinus thrombosis, and with different clinical presentations relying on which segment is involved.
As such please refer to...
Article
Dialysis access-associated steal syndrome
Dialysis access-associated steal syndrome or haemodialysis access-related hand ischemia arises as a complication of arteriovenous (AV) access.
Epidemiology
Symptomatic dialysis access-associated steal syndrome has been reported in up to 6% of AV access patients ref. Prevalence is higher in bra...
Article
Orbital venous varix
Orbital venous varix (plural: varices) is an uncommon vascular malformation that is composed of enlarged single or multiple tubular venous channels within the orbit with direct communication to the systemic venous system.
Terminology
Orbital venous varices are divided into primary and seconda...
Article
VEXAS syndrome
VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is a severe, treatment-refractory, monogenic, multiorgan, autoinflammatory condition with vasculitic and hematological complications.
Epidemiology
VEXAS syndrome is likely to be rare, but also likely to be underdiagnosed...
Article
Thoracic aortic injury
Thoracic aortic injury is the most common type of traumatic aortic injury and is a critical life-threatening, and often life-ending event.
Clinical presentation
Approximately 80% of patients with thoracic aortic injury die at the scene of the trauma. In those who make it to hospital, clinical...
Article
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a rare complication seen after treatment of long-standing severe carotid stenosis by carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting. It is believed to be the result of failure of normal cerebral blood flow autoregulation.
Terminology
Cerebral hyperperfus...
Article
Hepatocystic triangle
The hepatocystic triangle, also known as hepatobiliary triangle or Calot triangle, is a small triangular space at the porta hepatis of surgical importance as it is dissected during cholecystectomy. Its contents, the cystic artery and cystic duct, must be identified before ligation and division t...
Article
Kissing carotids
The term kissing carotids refers to tortuous and elongated carotid arteries which touch in the midline. They can be found in:
retropharynx 2
intrasphenoid 1
within the pituitary fossa
within sphenoid sinuses
within sphenoid bones
The significance of kissing carotids is two-fold:
may mimi...
Article
Vascular anatomical variants
Vascular anatomical variants are common:
aortic variants
thoracic aorta
ascending aorta
aortic arch
descending aorta
abdominal
SVC and IVC - caval variants
intracranial arteries - variants
Article
Renal infarction
Renal infarction results from interruption of the normal blood supply to part of, or to the whole kidney. The main imaging differential diagnosis includes pyelonephritis and renal tumors.
Epidemiology
The demographics of affected patients will depend on the underlying cause, although as most c...
Article
Cerebrovascular malformations
Cerebrovascular malformations are vascular malformations related to the vessels that supply the brain and other cranial structures.
Classification
Over the years, cerebral vascular malformations have been classified in a variety of ways by many authors, often on the basis of the presence or ab...
Article
Inferior petrosal sinus
The inferior petrosal sinus is one of the dural venous sinuses. It is often a plexus of venous channels rather than a true sinus and drains blood from the cavernous sinus to the jugular bulb through the jugular foramen (pars nervosa) or sometimes via a vein which passes through the hypoglossal c...
Article
Sickle cell disease (abdominal manifestations)
Abdominal manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD) are wide and can involve many organs.
For a general discussion, please refer to sickle cell disease.
Splenic
splenomegaly
may occur transiently with the sequestration syndrome, where rapid pooling of blood occurs in the spleen, resulting ...
Article
Pulmonary infarction
Pulmonary infarction is one of the key complications of pulmonary embolism (PE).
Epidemiology
Pulmonary infarction occurs in the minority (10-15%) of patients with PE 1. Although in a necropsy study of those with lethal PE, 60% of cases developed infarction 2.
Historically it was thought tha...
Article
Subscapular artery
The subscapular artery is the largest branch of the axillary artery.
Gross anatomy
The subscapular artery originates from the medial surface of the third part of the axillary artery. It passes along the inferior border of the subscapularis muscle and it divides into two branches 1,2:
Thoracod...
Article
Hemangioendothelioma
A hemangioendothelioma is a tumor derived from blood vessels.
Pathology
Subtypes
Subtypes dependent on location include
hemangioendothelioma (MSK)
hemangioendothelioma of liver
See also
epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Article
Single coronary artery
Single coronary arteries are rare (incidence 0.03-0.07%), with a higher incidence in patients with congenital heart disease (in particular truncus arteriosus and pulmonary atresia). They occur when there is a single ostium arising from the aorta with no ectopic ostia. There is a wide variety of ...
Article
Inferior hypophyseal arterial circle
The inferior hypophyseal arterial circle, also known as the inferior capsular arterial rete, is an anastomotic arterial network formed around the base of the pituitary gland by branches from three vessels, themselves branches off the cavernous portion of the carotid artery. They are:
inferior h...
Article
External carotid artery
The external carotid artery (ECA) is one of the two terminal branches of the common carotid artery that has many branches that supplies the structures of the neck, face and head. The other terminal branch is the internal carotid (ICA), which is somewhat larger than the ECA, which supplies the in...
Article
Infantile hemangioma
Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms that are the most common head and neck tumors of infancy. They can occur virtually anywhere, but the majority are found in the head and neck regions.
This article aims to be a generic discussion of the condition, for detailed and more specific...
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