1,722 results found
Article
Kashin-Beck disease
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a rare chronic condition, comprising an osteochondropathy with a concurrent necrosis of the joints.
Epidemiology
The disease has traditionally been endemic to areas of Tibet, China, North Korea, and Siberian Russia, and is usually diagnosed in pre-teenage children....
Article
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia is a form of skeletal dysplasia mainly involving the spine and proximal epiphyses.
Clinical presentation
short neck
short trunk with protruding abdomen
normal IQ
spine
atlantoaxial instability
craniovertebral junction stenosis
platyspondyly
scoliosis
exag...
Article
Radial tunnel syndrome
Radial tunnel syndrome is an entity that refers to entrapment (tunnel syndrome) of the radial nerve in the forearm, as it occurs in the supinator syndrome. Some authors believe this is an early form of the posterior interosseous nerve syndrome 5.
Epidemiology
There may be a female predilection...
Article
Scapulothoracic bursa
Scapulothoracic bursae refer to a number of bursae that allow for the gliding movement of the scapulothoracic joint.
Two major bursae have been reliably described 1,3:
infraserratus (scapulothoracic) bursa: between the serratus anterior muscle and the chest wall
supraserratus (subscapularis) ...
Article
Arm extension
Arm extension represents the opposite movement to arm flexion where the arm moves posteriorly. Only about 40° of movement posteriorly from the anatomic position is achievable in most individuals. It is the opposite of arm flexion and contributes to the combined movement of shoulder circumduction...
Article
Pediatric abdomen (invertogram view)
The invertogram view is an additional projection to demonstrate the pediatric abdomen and is often used exclusively in characterizing anal atresia. However, as this view may be less comfortable for the patient and result in a more technically challenging examination, a more ideal alternative tec...
Article
Septic arthritis
Septic arthritis is a destructive arthropathy caused by an intra-articular infection that is usually related to severe symptoms such as pain and decreased range of motion. This condition requires prompt treatment aiming to avoid permanent damage to the joint, which may result in chronic deformit...
Article
Skull (Caldwell view)
The Caldwell view is a caudally angled radiograph, with its posteroanterior projection allowing for minimal radiation to the orbits. This view may be used in imaging of the skull or facial bones depending on the clinical indications.
Indications
This view aids in visualizing the paranasal sinu...
Article
Ulnar impaction syndrome
Ulnar impaction syndrome, also known as ulnar abutment or ulnocarpal impaction or loading, is a painful degenerative wrist condition caused by the ulnar head impacting upon the ulnar-sided carpus with the injury to the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC).
Differentiation from ulnar impinge...
Article
Long head of biceps brachii tendon pathology
Long head of biceps brachii tendon pathology can be examined both with ultrasound and/or MRI. Both instability and tears can result in pain and decreased function.
Clinical presentation
Clinical tests
Speed test (shoulder)
Pathology
Long head of biceps can be affected by numerous pathologi...
Article
Pericardiocentesis
Pericardiocentesis is a procedure that can be performed to withdraw pericardial fluid as a therapeutic intervention or a diagnostic modality.
Indications
diagnostic
pericardial effusion of an unknown etiology
therapeutic
relief of pericardial tamponade
Contraindications
absolute
none (gi...
Article
MRI in patients with pacemaker systems
MRI in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) has increasingly become a requirement in radiological departments 1-8. Especially in the setting of patients with MR conditional pacemaker systems, where all the manufacturer's instructions are followed and a standardized institu...
Article
Scapula method
The scapula method is used to assess posterior humeral head subluxation in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis as part of the work-up for shoulder arthroplasty.
Method
First, the scapular axis (medial border of the scapular body to center of the glenoid) is drawn on an axial image that ...
Article
Latissimus dorsi muscle
Latissimus dorsi muscle (plural: latissimi dorsi muscles, and colloquially often shortened to the lats) is one of the muscles that attaches the upper limb to the vertebral column.
Summary
origin
spinous processes of T7-T12 vertebrae and thoracolumbar fascia
posterior third of the iliac cres...
Article
Intra-articular ganglion cyst
Intra-articular ganglion cysts are ganglion cysts within the joints. They typically show an intracapsular, extra-synovial location. They can occur within all the joints and can present with pain, swelling and sometimes even locking symptoms.
The following ganglion cysts are examples 1-8:
knee
...
Article
Psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is usually negative for rheumatoid factor and hence classified as one of the seronegative spondyloarthritides.
Epidemiology
Overall prevalence is ~0.5% (range 0.1-1%), however, it affects up to ~25% (range 6-41%)...
Article
Bile duct stricture
Bile duct strictures are problematic in terms of management and distinction between benign and malignant.
Pathology
Etiology
There are numerous causes of biliary duct strictures, including 1,2:
malignant
cholangiocarcinoma
involvement by pancreatic head adenocarcinoma
involvement by ampul...
Article
Pediatric chest (horizontal beam lateral view)
The horizontal beam (cross-table) pediatric lateral chest view is a modified lateral projection often utilized in populations under the age of 6 months old due to the inability of that patient to independently hold up their head.
Indications
A lateral radiograph helps confirm the presence of a...
Article
Forearm (lateral view)
Forearm lateral view is one of two standard projections in the forearm series to assess the radius and ulna.
Indications
This view allows for the assessment of suspected dislocations or fractures and localizing foreign bodies within the forearm.
Patient position
patient is seated alongside t...
Article
Tibial shaft fracture
Tibial shaft fractures are the most common long bone fractures and the second most common type of open fractures (second only to open phalanx fractures) 1.
Pathology
Mechanism
Typically involve high-energy mechanisms such as road traffic accidents (incidence 43%) or sports 1. These are usua...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.