205 results found
Article
Interseptal distance
The interseptal distance (ISD) is a measurement used to assess septal area atrophy as a marker for neurodegenerative conditions in patients with memory problems 1.
It is proposed that atrophy of the septal nuclei can commonly be seen in conditions associated with hippocampal atrophy, particular...
Case
Intracranial hypotension: iatrogenic
Published
14 Feb 2016
100% complete
MRI
CT
Case
Isolated cerebellar atrophy
Published
02 Jan 2019
77% complete
MRI
Article
Kabuki syndrome
Kabuki syndrome (Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome) is a rare polydysplasia that is thought to be more common in Japan.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is 1:32.000 in Japan. It is sporadically seen elsewhere in the world. The reason for the disparity in incidence is controversial.
Clinical present...
Article
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), also known as oculocraniosomatic disorder, is a rare multisystem mitochondrial disorder.
Clinical presentation
The patient often presents with progressive external ophthalmoplegia 1. Neurologic symptoms develop in childhood or adolescence, usually before 20 years ...
Article
Kwashiorkor
Kwashiorkor is a condition characterized by bilateral edema caused by protein deficiency.
Epidemiology
The largest population at risk for the condition are children who have begun weaning from breast milk or formula towards diets without sufficient protein. Therefore, kwashiorkor often affects...
Article
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (CNS manifestations)
The central nervous system (CNS) is an uncommonly involved organ system in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Involvement of the CNS is related but distinct from involvement of the skull or craniofacial structures, which are discussed separately in the article skeletal manifestations of LCH. F...
Article
Leigh syndrome
Leigh syndrome, also known as subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (SNEM), is a mitochondrial disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and bilateral central nervous system lesions, that invariably leads to death, usually in childhood.
Epidemiology
...
Case
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Published
19 Oct 2016
68% complete
MRI
Article
Leukodystrophies
The leukodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that primarily affect the white matter of the central nervous system. They are particularly encountered in childhood as many are genetically determined and represent abnormalities in white matter metabolism. A number of leukodystrophies...
Article
Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation
Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation (LBSL) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized by slowly progressive pyramidal, cerebellar, and dorsal column dysfunction.
Epidemiology
Although considered rare, the exact prevalen...
Article
Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE)
Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of elderly adults (usually >80 years old). It manifests clinically as amnestic dementia and pathologically as TDP-43 proteinopathy in limbic system structures such as the hippocampus.
Terminology ...
Case
Linear scleroderma
Published
20 Oct 2022
81% complete
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Annotated image
MRI
CT
Article
Linear scleroderma
Linear scleroderma, also known as scleroderma en coup de saber, is a very focal form of scleroderma classically characterized by a linear band of atrophy involving the frontal or frontoparietal scalp and subjacent thinned calvaria associated with ipsilateral focal brain abnormalities.
Linear sc...
Case
Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Published
14 Feb 2018
92% complete
CT
Case
Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Published
13 Feb 2018
92% complete
CT
MRI
Case
Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Published
22 Feb 2018
95% complete
CT
MRI
Case
Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Published
22 Feb 2018
92% complete
CT
Article
McLeod syndrome
McLeod syndrome, also known as McLeod phenomenon is a rare X-linked syndrome caused by a mutation in the XK gene that results in hematological abnormalities and late-onset, slowly progressive degeneration of a variety of tissues including the brain, peripheral nerves, muscle and heart 1. It sho...
Case
Medial temporal lobe atrophy
Published
10 Jul 2015
77% complete
MRI
Annotated image
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