Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
More than 200 results
Article
Midgut volvulus
Midgut volvulus is a complication of bowel malrotation usually seen in neonates and infants. Presentation is usually with proximal small bowel obstruction and bilious vomiting. Without prompt treatment, there is a real and significant risk of small bowel ischemia, significant associated morbidit...
Article
Internal carotid artery
The internal carotid artery (ICA) is one of the two terminal branches of the common carotid artery (CCA) which supplies the intracranial structures. The other terminal branch is the external carotid artery (ECA), which is somewhat larger in caliber than the ICA, and gives off several branches to...
Article
Subependymal hamartoma
Subependymal hamartomas are seen in patients with tuberous sclerosis. They are located along the ventricles and are mostly asymptomatic. As with other hamartomas, they grow at the same rate as the surrounding tissues.
On imaging, they appear as small intraventricular masses, smaller than 1 cm, ...
Article
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Pseudomyxoma peritonei refers to a syndrome of progressive intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous ascites related to a mucin-producing neoplasm, also known as jelly belly. It is most commonly caused by a mucinous tumor of the appendix 10.
Much less commonly, mucinous tumors of the colon, rect...
Article
Sheehan syndrome
Sheehan syndrome is a rare cause of pituitary apoplexy and hypopituitarism. It only occurs in postpartum females who experience large volume hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock, either during delivery or afterward with resultant necrosis of anterior pituitary cells 4.
Epidemiology
Advances in obs...
Article
Parsonage-Turner syndrome
Parsonage-Turner syndrome, also known as neuralgic amyotrophy or idiopathic brachial plexitis, is an acute idiopathic and self-limited brachial neuritis.
Epidemiology
There is a male predominance (M:F 2-11.5:1) 1. Patients from 3 months to 85 years old have been reported, but most are between ...
Article
Duodenal atresia
Duodenal atresia results from a congenital malformation of the duodenum and requires prompt correction in the neonatal period. It is considered to be one of the commonest causes of fetal bowel obstruction.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of duodenal atresia is ~1 in 5,000-10,000 newborns, and ther...
Article
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) infarct
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) occlusion may cause infarction of any part of the vascular territory of the PICA, namely the posterior inferior cerebellum, inferior cerebellar vermis, and lateral medulla.
Epidemiology
Typically considered the most common territory involved in cereb...
Article
Maxillary sinus
The maxillary sinus (or antrum of Highmore) is a paired pyramid-shaped paranasal sinus within the maxillary bone which drains via the maxillary ostium into the infundibulum, then through hiatus semilunaris into the middle meatus. It is the largest of the paranasal sinuses.
Summary
location: pa...
Article
Hyperdense MCA sign (brain)
The hyperdense MCA sign, also known as Gács sign, is a type of hyperdense vessel sign and refers to focal hyperattenuation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) on non-contrast brain CT and is due to intraluminal thromboembolic material. It is the earliest visible sign of MCA infarction and is see...
Article
Subcoracoid triangle
The subcoracoid triangle is an inverted triangular-shaped anatomical landmark used in the MRI diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder 1,2.
Gross anatomy
Contents
adipose tissue
Boundaries
superior: coracohumeral ligament
anterosuperior: coracoid process
posteroinferior: glenohume...
Article
Hepatic adenoma
Hepatic adenomas, also referred to as hepatocellular adenomas, are benign, generally hormone-induced, liver tumors. The tumors are usually solitary, have a predilection for hemorrhage, and must be differentiated from other focal liver lesions.
Epidemiology
The incidence of hepatic adenomas is ...
Article
Approach article structure
Approach articles are a special article type focused on a specific imaging investigation or condition in which a test or specific imaging protocol is applied.
Approach articles will only be accepted if created by professionals with substantial subject expertise (largely limited to senior subspe...
Article
CT renal mass (protocol)
The renal mass CT protocol is a multiphasic contrast-enhanced examination for the assessment of renal masses. It is most often comprised of a non-contrast, nephrogenic phase and excretory phase. However, this article will cover the optional, corticomedullary phase too.
NB: This article is inten...
Article
Nephrogenic phase
The nephrogenic phase, also known as the nephrographic phase or the renal parenchymal phase, is a postcontrast injection time range in which there is an optimal enhancement of the renal parenchyma including the medulla.
Technique
The acquisition time depends on the intravenous device (central ...
Article
Acute appendicitis
Acute appendicitis is an acute inflammation of the vermiform appendix. It is a very common condition in general radiology practice and is one of the main reasons for abdominal surgery in young patients. CT is the most sensitive modality to detect appendicitis.
Terminology
Acute appendicitis (p...
Article
Ventriculoatrial shunt
Ventriculoatrial shunting is an alternative option for the diversion of CSF and relief of hydrocephalus. In this technique, the distal catheter is placed in the right atrium or even in the superior vena cava 1,2.
It is not the only alternative for the traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt, an...
Article
Ectopic pregnancy
Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilised ovum outside of the uterine cavity.
Epidemiology
The overall incidence has increased over the last few decades and is thought to affect 1-2% of pregnancies. The risk is as high as 18% for first-trimester pregnancies with bleeding 15....
Article
Ascending aorta dilatation
Dilatation of the ascending aorta is a common finding in the elderly but unusual in younger patients.
Pathology
In adults, an ascending aortic diameter greater than 4 cm is considered to indicate dilatation 4. Aneurysmal dilatation is considered when the ascending aortic diameter reaches or ex...
Article
Penile implant
Penile implants are surgically placed devices to assist with erectile dysfunction. The device is comprised of either two malleable rods or inflatable components inserted in the penile shaft with or without a pump/reservoir located in the scrotum or pelvis.
Types
semirigid or malleable penile p...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.