Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
More than 200 results
Article
Magnetic resonance parkinsonism index
Magnetic resonance parkinsonism index (MRPI) can be used in MRI studies to distinguish patients with classic and brainstem variants of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from those with other movement disorders (e.g. Parkinson disease, clinically unclassifiable parkinsonism, Huntington disease...
Article
Inguinal ligament
The inguinal ligament (also known as Poupart's ligament or the fallopian ligament) is a fibrous band extending from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. It is an important anatomical landmark and denotes the transition of the pelvis to the lower limb.
Gross anatomy
The ingu...
Article
Spinal cord tuberculoma
Spinal cord tuberculomas are rare compared to intracranial tuberculomas and can be challenging to diagnose particularly in individuals who are not from endemic areas.
Epidemiology
Only 0.2% of central nervous system tuberculosis shows evidence of spinal cord involvement, and among tuberculosi...
Article
Spigelian hernia
Spigelian hernias (alternative plural: herniae), also known as lateral ventral hernias, are a type of abdominal hernia along the semilunar line, resulting in herniation between the muscles of the abdominal wall.
Epidemiology
They are rare and account for ~1% (range 0.1-2%) of ventral hernias 2...
Article
Cubital tunnel syndrome
Cubital tunnel syndrome is an ulnar nerve compression neuropathy (tunnel syndrome) due to pathological compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow proximal, within, and distal to the cubital tunnel 12.
Epidemiology
The compression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow is the second most common perip...
Article
Ovarian vein thrombosis
Ovarian vein thrombosis (actually most often thrombophlebitis) occurs most commonly in postpartum patients and can result in pulmonary emboli. A presentation is usually with acute pelvic pain in the postpartum period, then termed puerperal ovarian vein thrombosis or postpartum ovarian vein throm...
Article
Investigating head injury (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
Investigating head injury is frequently required because head injury is common: in the US there are 1.3 million traumatic brain injuries per year 1. Causes include falls (children and the elderly), motor vehicle accidents (...
Article
Nasal bones (lateral view)
The lateral nasal bones view is a non-angled lateral radiograph showcasing two small oblong nasal bones situated side by side, together forming the nasal ridge.
Indications
This view is often primarily used in assessing various nasal bone fractures in the trauma setting. Depending on the depar...
Article
Investigation of the limping child (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
The limping child is a common diagnostic quandary faced in emergency departments that deal with pediatric patients. The causes of limp in children are protean and vary with the age of the child.
Assessment
The important f...
Article
Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (ovary)
Juvenile granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (JGCT) are a less common subtype of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary (~5% of cases). They are classified as ovarian sex cord / stromal tumors.
Epidemiology
It typically occurs in premenarchal girls and young women. The mean age of presentation is 13...
Article
T1 weighted image
T1 weighted image (also referred to as T1WI or the "spin-lattice" relaxation time) is one of the basic pulse sequences in MRI and demonstrates differences in the T1 relaxation times of tissues.
A T1WI relies upon the longitudinal relaxation of a tissue's net magnetization vector (NMV). Basicall...
Article
Soft palate
The soft palate is the posterior part of the palate that is a mobile fold of soft tissue attached to the posterior border of the hard palate which laterally fuses with the lateral wall of the oropharynx. On its inferior oral surface it is lined by oral mucosa (which contains numerous palatine gl...
Article
Clonorchiasis
Clonorchiasis is a trematodiasis caused by chronic infestation by Clonorchis sinensis and can lead to recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, biliary strictures and cholangiocarcinoma.
Epidemiology
Infection with Clonorchis sinensis occurs in endemic areas, mainly east China. Over 85 million people a...
Article
Nasomaxillary suture
The nasomaxillary suture is a suture forms the fissure between the frontal process of maxilla and the lateral border of the nasal bone. The nasomaxillary sutures are paried.
Article
Ultrasound-guided FNA of the thyroid
Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the thyroid refers to a minimally invasive procedure where in which tissue samples are collected from a thyroid nodule or other suspicious thyroid lesion. It is usually done on an outpatient basis and generally complications are very minimal.
Pr...
Article
Meyers and McKeever classification of ACL avulsion fractures
Meyers and McKeever classification is used to categorize ACL avulsion fractures.
Usage
The Meyers and McKeever classification is the most frequently used system (c. 2024) to describe ACL avulsion fractures 2.
Classification
Under the Meyers and McKeever system (with modifications by Zariczny...
Article
Periportal halo (CT/US)
Periportal halo or periportal collar sign refers to a zone of low attenuation seen around the intrahepatic portal veins on contrast-enhanced CT or hypoechogenicity on liver ultrasound. It likely represents periportal edema, which is often used as a synonymous term. Periportal haloes may occur ar...
Article
Skeletal survey (overview)
The skeletal survey is a radiographic series performed to survey the entire skeleton (axial skeleton, upper and lower limbs) for pathology or injury. Specific projections vary depending on the clinical indication and the institution's protocol.
There are various clinical indications that may wa...
Article
Bowl of grapes sign
The bowl of grapes sign has been described in synovial sarcoma. It refers to the characteristic multilobulated lesion subdivided by multiple septa, forming large cystic foci with regions of hemorrhage.
Article
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatological disease with several variants. The most common variant is plaque psoriasis, other variants of the disease are guttate, erythrodermic and pustular psoriasis 1.
Epidemiology
There is a geographic variation in the prevalence of psoriasis such that popul...
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