58 results found
Article
Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia is bone softening due to insufficient mineralization of the osteoid secondary to any process that results in vitamin D deficiency or defects in phosphate metabolism:
high remodeling rate: excessive osteoid formation with normal/little mineralization
low remodeling rate: normal ost...
Case
Osteomalacia
Published
09 Mar 2018
77% complete
Annotated image
X-ray
MRI
Case
Oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor
Published
24 Feb 2018
93% complete
X-ray
CT
Annotated image
Nuclear medicine
MRI
Case
Osteomalacia (Looser zones)
Published
02 Nov 2012
75% complete
X-ray
Playlist
Osteomalacia
1 case
No description provided
Playlist
Osteomalacia
1 case
No description provided
Playlist
Osteomalacia e rachitismo
4 cases
No description provided
Playlist
MSK 25 - Osteomalacia spectrum
6 cases
No description provided
Article
Looser zones
Looser zones, also known as cortical infractions, Milkman lines or pseudofractures, are wide, transverse lucencies with sclerotic borders traversing partway through a bone, usually perpendicular to the involved cortex, and are associated most frequently with osteomalacia and rickets.
Given that...
Article
Protrusio acetabuli (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for remembering the causes of protrusio acetabuli include:
PROTrusio acetabuli
My PROTRUSIO
Mnemonics
PROTrusio acetabuli
Includes the most common causes
P: Paget disease
R: rheumatoid arthritis (and other arthritides such as osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile idio...
Article
Renal osteodystrophy
Renal osteodystrophy, also known as uremic osteopathy, is a constellation of musculoskeletal abnormalities that occur in patients with chronic renal failure, due to concurrent and superimposed:
osteomalacia (adults) or rickets (children)
secondary hyperparathyroidism: abnormal calcium and phos...
Article
Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor
Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors are the cause of the vast majority of cases of tumor-induced (oncogenic) osteomalacia due to the production of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23).
Epidemiology
These tumors are extremely rare, with fewer than 500 cases reported in the literature 1. Most occur ...
Article
Vitamin D
Vitamin D (calciferol) is used to describe a group of five fat-soluble secosteroid vitamins required for the homeostasis of serum calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D exists in two main forms (vitamers) in humans: ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3).
Vitamin D3 acts by re...
Article
Renal tubular acidosis
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) refers to defects in the renal tubular transport of hydrogen ions, bicarbonate ions, or both, in the kidneys resulting in a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis.
Epidemiology
The exact prevalence of renal tubular acidosis is unknown but the entity is probably under...
Article
Osteoid
Osteoid is a protein mixture secreted by osteoblasts that forms the organic matrix of bone. Bone is formed when osteoid mineralizes.
Osteoid is important in several disease processes:
failure of osteoid to mineralize leads to osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children.
focal accumulat...
Article
Fanconi syndrome
Fanconi syndrome describes generalized proximal renal tubule dysfunction causing impaired reabsorption of many urinary solutes.
Clinical presentation
Clinical features include poor growth, fatigue, dehydration, polyuria, muscle weakness, and bone pain. Features on a basic blood panel include ...
Article
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass and skeletal fragility.
The World Health Organization (WHO) operationally defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density T-score less than -2.5 SD (more than 2.5 standard deviations under the young-adult mean), which ...
Article
Rickets
Rickets, less commonly known as rachitis, refers to deficient mineralization of the growth plate in the pediatric population. In contrast, osteomalacia refers to deficient mineralization of the bone matrix, which co-occurs with rickets but can also occur even after growth plate closure, in adult...
Article
Cystinosis
Cystinosis, also known as Abderhalden Kaufmann Lignac syndrome, is the most common hereditary cause of renal Fanconi syndrome. Cystinosis is one of the lysosomal storage disorders.
Epidemiology
It has a reported incidence of 1:192,000 1. Cystinosis is typically diagnosed in infancy.
Clinica...
Article
Acetabular protrusion
Acetabular protrusion, also known as protrusio acetabuli, is intrapelvic displacement of the acetabulum and femoral head, so that the femoral head projects medial to the ilioischial line. It should be differentiated from coxa profunda.
Pathology
Acetabular protrusion is divided into primary an...
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