Items tagged “anatomy”

The superior thyroid vein, along with the middle and inferior thyroid veins, drains a venous plexus on the anterior surface of the thyroid gland 1. Gross anatomy The paired vein shares a course with the superior thyroid artery 2. The superior thyroid veins also receive tributaries from the sup...

The maxillary vein drains the pterygoid plexus and joins with the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein in the substance of the parotid gland 1. Gross anatomy The pterygoid plexus, and by extension, the maxillary vein helps to drain the areas supplied by the maxillary arte...

The interventricular septum divides the right and left ventricles, running in the plane of the anterior and posterior interventicular grooves. Septation of the ventricles occurs in the fetus within 7 weeks of gestation, achieved by the formation of this embryologically heterogenous structure 6. ...

The phrenicocolic ligament, also known as Hensing's ligament, is a peritoneal ligament extending from the splenic flexure of the colon to the diaphragm 5. Gross anatomy The phrenicocolic ligament separates the left paracolic gutter from the left supramesocolic space. It is continuous with the ...

The lacunar ligament, also known as Gimbernat’s ligament, is a crescent-shaped ligament that extends between the inguinal ligament and pectineal ligament, close to their point of insertion to the pubic tubercle. Gross anatomy The lacunar ligament is an extension of the medial end of the inguin...

The calcaneocuboid joint is part of the mid-tarsal (Chopart) joint. It is a synovial articulation between the calcaneus and the cuboid bones of the foot. Gross anatomy The calcaneocuboid joint involves the anterior surface of the calcaneus and the posterior surface of the cuboid. Its joint cap...

Congenital absence of the cruciate ligaments is a rare condition, most of the knowledge being collated from case reports.  Epidemiology Its prevalence is reported at 0.017 per 1000 live births 1,5. Associations The following features may also be present 2,3,5: lateral femoral condyle hypopl...

Pulvinar may refer to: pulvinar thalamic nuclei (classically involved in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, see pulvinar sign) Haversian fat pad of the hip (which covers the central non-articular part of the acetabulum)

International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC) result from an expert consensus, developed to improve the ability of the surgeon to understand the possible variations of the frontal recess and frontal sinus anatomy. Classification anterior cells: push the drainage pathway of the fron...

Supra agger frontal cells are an anatomical variant of the paranasal sinuses, included in the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification. Gross anatomy Anterior-lateral ethmoidal cell that extends into the frontal sinus. A small SAFC will only extend into the floor of the frontal sinus...

Supra bulla cells are an anatomical variant of the paranasal sinuses, included in the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification. Gross anatomy Cell above the bulla ethmoidalis that does not enter the frontal sinus. The supra agger cells push the drainage pathway anteriorly.

Supra bulla frontal cells are an anatomical variant of the paranasal sinuses, included in the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification. Gross anatomy Cell that originates in the supra-bulla region and pneumatizes along the skull base into the posterior region of the frontal sinus. Th...

The glenoid bare spot, or glenoid bare area, is a small central or slightly eccentric area of the inferior glenoid fossa, where the articular cartilage is markedly thinner or completely absent 2. It is considered to be a normal aging-related phenomenon 1. Epidemiology The glenoid bare spot can...

The trochlea is a cartilaginous structure acting as a pulley for the superior oblique muscle of the eye.  Gross anatomy The trochlea inserts on the trochlear fovea and spine located on the anteromedial part of the orbital roof. The tendon of superior oblique muscle passes through it 1. Functi...

The right gastric vein, also known as pyloric vein, forms part of the venous drainage network of the stomach and proximal duodenum. It is a tributary of the portal vein. Gross anatomy Location The right gastric vein courses parallel to the right gastric artery adjacent to the lesser curvature...

The anococcygeal raphe (plural: anococcygeal raphes or raphae), also known as the anococcygeal ligament or anococcygeal body refers to the midline structure that connects the anorectal junction to the coccyx. It is composed of bilateral interdigitating fibers from the iliococcygeal and pubococcy...

The nail unit or nail apparatus refers to a group of distal digital structures involved in the function and support of the nail plate. Gross anatomy Structures of the distal phalanx composing the nail unit include 1: nail plate nail matrix nail bed periungual soft tissues eponychium (cuti...

The superior alveolar arteries is a collective term for the following arteries: posterior superior alveolar artery: branch of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa middle superior alveolar artery: small branch of the infraorbital artery anterior superior alveolar artery: branch of...

An accessory transverse foramen, also known as a double transverse foramen, are a second, smaller foramen in the transverse process of typical cervical vertebrae 1. They are smaller than the transverse foramen, and may be unilateral or bilateral. Small studies have suggested a prevalence of 8-...

Diaphragmatic slips are the muscular bundles that attach the central tendon of the diaphragm to the inside of the bones and cartilage of the lower 6-7 ribs, xiphoid process, lumbar vertebrae 1. They can mimic or help identify pathology when seen on imaging modalities. Mimics Diaphragmatic slip...