Items tagged “brainstem”
39 results found
Article
Weber syndrome
Weber syndrome is a midbrain stroke syndrome that involves the cerebral peduncle and the ipsilateral fascicles of the oculomotor nerve 1-3,5. Occasionally the substantia nigra can also be involved 5.
Clinical presentation
ipsilateral CN III palsy
diplopia
ptosis
afferent pupillary defect
...
Case
Brainstem glioma
Published
11 Mar 2009
68% complete
MRI
Article
Brainstem
The brainstem is the most caudal part of the brain. It adjoins, is structurally continuous with the spinal cord and consists of the:
midbrain (mesencephalon)
pons (part of the metencephalon)
medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
The brainstem provides the main motor and sensory innervation to t...
Article
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata (or simply the medulla) is the most caudal part of the brainstem between the pons superiorly and spinal cord inferiorly. It is the transition from the spinal cord to the brain.
The medulla contains the vital autonomic cardiovascular and respiratory centres controlling hear...
Article
Brainstem nuclei
The brainstem nuclei are the nuclei in the brainstem. These include:
cranial nerve nuclei
red nucleus
substantia nigra
Article
Duret haemorrhage
Duret haemorrhages are small, usually multiple, haemorrhages in the midbrain or pons resulting from rapidly developing brain herniation, especially central herniation. They generally have a dismal prognosis.
Clinical presentation
The clinical presentation from Duret haemorrhages is difficult t...
Case
Brainstem glioma
Published
19 Apr 2010
84% complete
MRI
CT
Case
Brainstem ganglioglioma
Published
18 Sep 2010
80% complete
MRI
Case
Pontine haemorrhage
Published
14 Oct 2010
98% complete
CT
Annotated image
Article
Lateral medullary syndrome
Lateral medullary syndrome, also known as Wallenberg syndrome, is a clinical syndrome caused by acute ischaemia or infarction of the lateral medulla oblongata due to occlusion of the intracranial portion of the vertebral artery, PICA or its branches 1-3.
Epidemiology
20% of ischaemic strokes ...
Article
Bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle lesions
Bilateral lesions of the middle cerebellar peduncles, resulting in the middle cerebellar peduncle sign, are uncommon and can be seen either in isolation (rare) or along with other regions of involvement.
Despite their relative rarity, they have a fairly long list of potential causes (see below)...
Case
Brainstem cavernoma
Published
23 Jun 2011
65% complete
MRI
Case
Basilar artery thrombosis
Published
28 Aug 2011
56% complete
CT
Case
Brainstem glioma
Published
20 Feb 2013
98% complete
MRI
Case
Diffuse pontine glioma
Published
22 Apr 2013
83% complete
MRI
Case
Neuroglial cyst - brainstem
Published
22 Nov 2013
74% complete
MRI
Article
Benedikt syndrome
Benedikt syndrome, or paramedian midbrain syndrome, is a midbrain stroke syndrome that involves the fascicles of the oculomotor nerve and the red nucleus.
Clinical presentation
ipsilateral CN III palsy 1-4
crossed hemiataxia 1-4
crossed choreoathetosis 1-4
Pathology
It is us...
Article
Brainstem stroke syndromes
Brainstem stroke syndromes, also known as crossed brainstem syndromes, refer to a group of syndromes that occur secondary to lesions, most commonly infarcts, of the brainstem.
Epidemiology
Although many different brainstem stroke syndromes have been classically described, the majority appear e...
Article
Medial medullary syndrome
Medial medullary syndrome, also known as Déjerine syndrome, is secondary to thrombotic or embolic occlusion of small perforating branches from vertebral or proximal basilar artery supplying the medial aspect of medulla oblongata1,2.
Epidemiology
Represents less than 1% of brainstem stroke syn...
Article
Claude syndrome
Claude syndrome is one of the brainstem stroke syndromes in which there is infarction of the dorsomedial aspect of the midbrain.
Clinical presentation
Clinical picture is characteristic and includes ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral upper and lower limb ataxia 1-4.
Patholog...
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