Items tagged “cases3”

The carotid arteries is used as a collective term for: common carotid artery (CCA) and its two terminal branches external carotid artery (ECA) internal carotid artery (ICA) These arteries provide the vast majority of the arterial supply to the head and neck region and central nervous system...

Heat-related illnesses are on the increase due to increasing global temperatures. The normal physiological response to excessive heat is known as heat stress and although uncomfortable is generally not considered pathological. If this is not alleviated, then a true heat illness may result, which...

Solitary circumscribed neuromas, also known as palisaded encapsulated neuromas,  are benign tumors primarily occurring in the cutaneous tissues of the face, often at the mucocutaneous border 1.  Epidemiology Although they can occur at any age, there is a predilection for later middle age (40-6...

Residual tumor classification, also known as R classification, defines how complete the resection of a malignancy has been at surgery. It has an important prognostic implication. Classification R0: no residual tumor R1: microscopic residual tumor R2: macroscopic residual tumor An R0 resecti...

The Bronchiectasis Radiologically Indexed CT Score (BRICS) is a severity assessment score for bronchiectasis, developed from a cohort of patients with idiopathic and postinfectious bronchiectasis, and was developed by combining the parameters of bronchial dilatation and number of bronchopulmonar...

Myocardial necrosis refers to the cell death of cardiomyocytes and represents one pathologic correlate in the setting of myocardial injury and/or myocardial infarction. Clinical presentation Many clinical scenarios leading to myocardial necrosis will lead to some form of cardiac symptoms such ...

Retiform hemangioendotheliomas or hobnail hemangioendotheliomas are intermediate locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing vascular neoplasms with a distinctive hobnail endothelial cell morphology. Epidemiology Retiform hemangioendotheliomas are rare with <100 cases reported in the literatur...

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumors (SCPFT) or PRDM10-rearranged soft tissue tumors are rare low-grade mesenchymal neoplasms of the dermis and subcutis 1-3 that have been just recently added to the WHO classification of soft tissue tumors in 2020 2,3. Epidemiology Superficial CD34-po...

EWSR1-SMAD3-positive fibroblastic tumors are benign mesenchymal neoplasms with different morphologies and a provisional name that have been just recently characterized (c.2018) 1-4 and added to the WHO classification of soft tissue tumors in 2020 2,3. Epidemiology EWSR1-SMAD3-positive fibrobla...

Giant cell fibroblastomas are locally aggressive mesenchymal neoplasms closely related to dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Epidemiology Giant cell fibroblastomas are rare. They are usually but not exclusively found in children within the first decade of life, adult cases are rare. Boys are mor...

Anastomosing hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms consisting of thin-walled anastomosing vessels. These lesions have been just recently added to the WHO classification of soft tissue tumors in 2020 as a separate entity 1-3 Epidemiology Anastomosing hemangiomas are rare lesions with a wide...

Inflammatory leiomyosarcomas are malignant tumors with smooth muscle differentiation and a prominent inflammatory infiltrate that were just recently recognized as a distinct entity by the WHO in 2020 1-3. Epidemiology Inflammatory leiomyosarcomas are very rare lesions with most cases seen in a...

NTRK-rearranged soft tissue neoplasms (emerging), lipofibromatosis-like neural tumors or NTRK-positive tumor-resembling peripheral nerve sheath tumors are a group of rare molecularly defined spindle cell neoplasms excluding infantile fibrosarcoma 1.2. The tumors form a provisional category of un...

Brachial artery Doppler assessment for detecting endothelial dysfunction is performed for detecting and classifying endothelial dysfunction by measuring the vascular dilation of the brachial artery, which is highly related to coronary endothelial dysfunction 1,4. This test is generally indicate...

A renal autotransplant is an uncommon procedure in which a kidney is resected from its native site and implanted in a new location. Indications This infrequently performed procedure is most commonly done for 1,3: loin pain hematuria syndrome ureteric stricture vascular disease ...

Pelvic phlebography or pelvic venography is an interventional procedure, in which the pelvic and gonadal veins are opacified to assess venous and collateral system anatomy for the diagnosis, treatment and pre-operative planning of pelvic vein pathology. This procedure is usually performed at th...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Amblyopia, often referred to as a "lazy eye", is a vision development disorder where an eye fails to achieve normal visual acuity, despite the use of prescription spectacles or contact lenses. Reference article This is a ...

Pericardial involvement in end stage renal disease is not uncommon in those with end stage renal disease and can occur as acute or chronic forms. Acute forms are considered more commoner and can comprise of uremic pericarditis other dialysis associated pericarditis Chronic forms are less com...

Soft tissue is a term used for all the supporting tissues in the body that are not calcified or ossified; therefore soft tissue excludes bone and teeth. Soft tissue includes: skin fat muscle tendons ligaments fibrous tissues vasculature Soft tissue generally excludes the internal body o...

Medial collateral ligament bursitis or tibial collateral ligament bursitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the medial collateral ligament bursa which is located between the superficial and deep layers of the medial collateral ligament 1-5. Epidemiology In isolation, medial collateral l...