Items tagged “cases3”

Linear scleroderma, also known as scleroderma en coup de saber, is a very focal form of scleroderma classically characterized by a linear band of atrophy involving the frontal or frontoparietal scalp and subjacent thinned calvaria associated with ipsilateral focal brain abnormalities. Linear sc...

Pelvic masses in females carry a broad differential diagnosis: benign adnexal cyst leiomyoma pelvic malignancy dermoid endometriosis pelvic inflammatory disease tubo-ovarian abscess hydrosalpinx pregnancy Extragynaecological masses, e.g. colorectal carcinoma, appendicular abscess, lymp...

The diaphragm is the dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity, enclosing the inferior thoracic aperture. Terminology On chest imaging, in particular chest radiography, an imaginary anteroposterior halfway line divides the diaphragm into two, form...

HELLP syndrome is a pregnancy-related condition and is an abbreviation for: haemolysis elevated liver enzymes and  low platelets It is considered a severe and life-threatening form of pre-eclampsia although it can occur without co-existing pre-eclampsia.  Epidemiology The estimated inciden...

Focal lymphoid hyperplasia of the lung refers to an abnormal accumulation of non-malignant lymphocytic aggregates within the lung. Terminology Focal lymphoid hyperplasia of the lung was previously known as pulmonary pseudolymphoma. Epidemiology Associations Sjögren syndrome 4 Clinical pres...

Hidradenitis suppurativa, also known as acne inversa, is an inflammatory skin disease of unknown cause. It has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, and androgen excess has been postulated 7. The disease is associated with Crohn disease and Dowling Degos disease.  Epidemiology Up to 4% of...

A maiden waist deformity or sign is a name given to the appearance when there is medial deviation of both ureters. This typically occurs in retroperitoneal fibrosis or unilaterally in cases where there is a retrocaval ureter. In the former, there is medial indrawing of the ureters due to deposit...

Bilobed testis, also known as incomplete unilateral polyorchidism, is a very rare congenital variant in children, and considered to be an incomplete form of polyorchidism. Epidemiology Associations malignancy cryptorchidism inguinal hernia hydrocele infertility varicocele testicular tor...

Supernumerary ribs occur most commonly as a cervical rib arising from C7 or a lumbar rib arising from L1. In extremely rare situations, there can be sacral, coccygeal, intrathoracic, or aberrant lumbar ribs 3. Rarely supernumerary ribs (cervical and lumbar ribs aside) have been found as 'normal'...

Cricket is a popular game in Commonwealth countries. Sports injuries in this game can be associated with three positional aspects of the game: bowling, batting or fielding. Radiologists should know the different kinds of injuries related to this game for a better clinical association. Injuries c...

An unroofed coronary sinus, a.k.a. coronary sinus type ASD, is a rare variant of atrial septal defect (ASD). The atrial wall between the coronary sinus and left atrium is either partially or completely absent, resulting in a right-to-left shunt. It is associated with persistent left-sided super...

A subcutaneous abscess is a kind of soft tissue abscess and a manifestation of a spectrum of skin and soft tissue infections which also includes cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis. It is a form of abscess which lies within the dermis and subdermal cutaneous layers. Along with dental abscesses,...

A retropulsed fragment is any vertebral fracture fragment that is displaced into the spinal canal, thereby potentially causing spinal cord injury. They usually arise from the vertebral body with or without a portion of the pedicle, and are displaced posteriorly, hence the prefix 'retro'.

Nerve injury classification describes the various features of nerve injury on MRI with respect to pathological events. Classification neuropraxia grade I: there is increased T2/STIR signal in the nerve, however, the muscle appears normal recovery occurs within a few days to 3 months axono...

A teardrop or teardrop sign is used in several regions of the body: extension teardrop fracture of the cervical spine flexion teardrop fracture of the cervical spine pelvic teardrop teardrop sign (ankle) teardrop sign (inferior orbital wall fracture) teardrop sign (intracapsular breast imp...

Epicardial lipomatosis or epicardial lipomatous hypertrophy is a form of cardiac lipomatosis and is characterized by the accumulation of non-encapsulated mature adipose tissue in the epicardial space due to hyperplasia of lipocytes. Its exact etiology is not known, but it may be associated with ...

Kuru is a human prion disease that occurred in parts of Papua New Guinea. It is an acquired disease, transmitted from cultural practices of mortuary feasts. Kuru was common before the 1960s with the last death reported in 2009. Unlike sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, cerebellar ataxia is a mo...

An enthesis (plural: entheses), also known, more informally, as a footprint, generally refers to the anatomic junction where connective tissue (e.g. ligament, tendon, joint capsule, bursa or a combination thereof) attaches to bone. Entheses are commonly classified into two types 1: fibrous fi...

Tuberculous abscesses are an uncommon presentation of tuberculosis, most often encountered in immunocompromised individuals (e.g. HIV/AIDS). Unlike the far more common tuberculomas (tuberculous granulomas), tuberculous abscesses contain pus with abundant identifiable organisms 1. The capsule tha...

Babcock triangle is a relatively radiolucent triangular area seen in the subcapital region of the femoral neck on an anteroposterior radiograph of the hip. In this region, the trabeculae are loosely arranged and surrounded by more radiodense normal bony trabeculae groups. It may be the initial s...