Items tagged “cases”
5,524 results found
Article
Amyloid myopathy
Amyloid myopathy results from the extracellular deposition of the fibrous protein amyloid within the musculoskeletal system and is a musculoskeletal manifestation of amyloidosis, particularly in patients on long-term haemodialysis. It could coexist with amyloid arthropathy.
See also
amyloidosi...
Article
Von Laer classification of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures
The Von Laer classification, also known as the Laer classification, is used to grade the severity and the need for further diagnostic evaluation and surgical correction of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures, based on their clinical and radiological presentation.
Classification
Von Laer'...
Article
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDHx) gene mutation
Succinate dehydrogenase gene (SDHx) germline mutations increase the risk of sympathetic paragangliomas, head and neck paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) 1,2,6,7.
Pathology
There are four SDH genes - SDHA, SDHB, SDHC...
Article
Intrathymic left brachiocephalic vein
Intrathymic left brachiocephalic vein is a common variant that can often be seen during fetal ultrasound. Instead of coursing posterior to the thymus, the left brachiocephalic vein courses through the thymus 1.
It is considered a normal variant and is believed to have no adverse effects on the...
Article
Augmented glenoid implants in shoulder artroplasthy
Augmented glenoid implants in shoulder arthroplasty are used for glenohumeral osteoarthritis with Walch type B2 and B3 glenoid morphology, which are characterized by humeral head posterior subluxation 1-3.
Shoulder replacement with augmentation of the glenoid implant allows for:
correct glenoi...
Article
Endosalpingiosis
Endosalpingiosis refers to the presence of ciliated, glandular epithelium resembling the inner lining of the fallopian tube located in an ectopic location. The condition may present as cystic structures usually implanted on the peritoneal serosa 1.
Epidemiology
Endosalpingiosis is considered a...
Article
Trepanation
Trepanation or trephination, commonly known as burr holes, is the act of intentionally perforating the skull for the purpose of healing or diagnosis.
Indications
Emergency indications
evacuation of extradural or subdural hematoma
insertion of intracranial pressure monitor
insertion of exter...
Article
Stern-Garcin variant of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
The Stern-Garcin variant of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a phenotypical variant characterized by prominent early extrapyramidal symptoms, such as parkinsonism 1.
Radiographic features
MRI
MRI shows early involvement of the basal ganglia (striatum) and thalamus, in addition to o...
Article
Scapular notching
Scapular notching is a radiologic finding post reverse total shoulder arthroplasty that correlates to erosion of the scapular neck.
The erosion occurs due to the repetitive contact between the polyethylene of the humeral component and the inferior scapular neck during adduction and progressive ...
Article
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a very rare congenital, non-hereditary disease manifesting with prominent unilateral facial overgrowth and deformity.
Clinical presentation
Facial asymmetry is always noted at birth. Other findings on the affected side include:
unilateral ...
Article
Cysts of Hattori
Cysts of Hattori, also known as posterior mediastinal paravertebral Müllerian cysts, are mediastinal cysts of Mullerian origin, lined by ciliated non-stratified cuboidal to columnar epithelium, that occur in the posterior mediastinum.
Epidemiology
Of all mediastinal masses, ~20% (range 10–30%)...
Article
Signet ring sign (scaphoid)
The signet ring sign or cortical ring sign refers to the rounded cortex of the scaphoid tubercle on a AP or PA wrist radiograph due to rotatory subluxation from flexion of the scaphoid. It is seen in injuries of the scapholunate ligament (scapholunate dissociation) and the related perilunate and...
Article
Stasis filling
Stasis filling describes persistent visualization of intravenous contrast within the proximal cerebral arteries but not within the cortical branches or venous outflow in suspected brain death patients, mimicking true cerebral blood flow (CBF).
Pathology
Etiology
During brain death, raised int...
Article
Pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy (PADMAL)
Pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy (PADMAL) is an autosomal dominant monogenic COL4A1-related disorder that primarily causes cerebral small vessel disease. It is a distinct entity to COL4A1 brain small-vessel disease, but very likely on the same spectrum of disea...
Article
Eden-Hybinette procedure
The Eden-Hybinette procedure is the most common surgery for revision of a failed Latarjet procedure. When there are greater degrees of glenoid bone loss, the Latarjet procedure may not be sufficient to ensure adequate stability. This is an open or arthroscopic procedure that uses an iliac crest ...
Article
Non-expandable lung
Non-expandable lung results from failure of the lung to re-expand even despite a therapeutic measure such as insertion of a chest tube. This can include two semantically similar but slightly different terms:
trapped lung: non-expandable lung due to remote / prior pleural inflammation
lung entr...
Article
Point shear wave elastography
Point shear wave elastography (pSWE) is a type of shear wave elastography using ultrasound machine where an acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) is used to generate shear waves in targeted area of liver tissue.
Article
Subdural hematohygroma
Subdural hematohygromas are subdural hygromas into which bleeding has occurred. They are distinct from, and should not be confused with, acute on chronic subdural hematomas or with acute subdural hematomas with separation of blood into plasma and hematocrit.
Radiographic features
CT
Subdural ...
Article
Root dilaceration
Root dilaceration is a dental deformity presenting as an acute angulation, deviation or curvature of the crown-root axis.
Etiology
Possible causes include:
trauma during root development
adjacent dentigerous cyst or tumor can lead to an abnormal angle in a developing tooth
hereditary factor...
Article
Amniotic fluid sludge (ultrasound)
Amniotic fluid sludge is a finding in obstetric transvaginal ultrasound scanning. Defined as free-floating hyperechogenic material in close proximity to the cervical internal os within the amniotic cavity of women with intact fetal membranes 1. It images as a dense, homogenous mass 2.
Pathology...