Items tagged “cases”
5,517 results found
Article
Inferior tympanic artery
The inferior tympanic artery is a small branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery that supplies the tympanic cavity.
Summary
origin: proximal neuromeningeal trunk of ascending pharyngeal artery
course: passage through tympanic canaliculus
termination: anastomosis with caroticotympanic arter...
Article
Leddy and Packer classification of jersey finger injuries
The Leddy and Packer classification of jersey finger injuries, which is an avulsion injury of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) from its insertion at the base of the distal phalanx, is based on the level of tendon retraction and presence of fracture 2,3.
Classification
Leddy and Packer clas...
Article
Cruess classification of humeral head osteonecrosis
The Cruess classification of humeral head osteonecrosis uses plain radiographs, CT and/or MRI for its staging system. Early Cruess stage osteonecrosis may only be detected on MRI.
Classification
The Cruess classification is the best-known system and is composed of five stages 1:
stage I: pre-...
Article
Subscapularis insufficiency after shoulder arthroplasty
Subscapularis insufficiency after shoulder arthroplasty is a complication that can cause severe loss of function and implant longevity. Exposure of the glenohumeral joint during surgical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures is associated with a risk of causing iatrogenic damage to the su...
Article
Core decompression of osteonecrosis
Core decompression is the first-line surgical option for symptomatic and low-grade osteonecrosis of the femoral or humeral head. Core decompression improves symptoms and prevents progression and femoral/humeral head collapse by reducing subchondral bone marrow pressure and promoting neovasculari...
Article
Overshunting-associated myelopathy
Overshunting-associated myelopathy, also known as Miyazaki syndrome, is a very rare form of compressive myelopathy that is a complication of intracranial hypotension due to excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with progressive cervical myelopath...
Article
Brunn's cyst of the urinary bladder
Brunn cysts or mucous cysts of the urinary bladder are considered to originate from von Brunn nests as the result of pinching off of epithelial nests from urothelial buds. Cysts in the urinary bladder are considered as tumor-like lesions.
Clinical presentation
Most Brunn cysts are asymptomatic...
Article
Essential tremor
Essential tremor describes a chronic, progressive, predominantly bilateral upper limb, action tremor syndrome, present without parkinsonism, dystonia and ataxia. Essential tremor associated with other 'soft' neurological signs is known as essential tremor plus.
Epidemiology
Essential tremor is...
Article
Gallbladder folds
Gallbladder folds arise due to the gallbladder wall folding onto itself. They are thick, junctional in nature and incomplete or non-continuous in appearance.
The posterior wall is usually involved, however, anterior wall folds may also occur 1. The folding may produce a bizarre or unusual shap...
Article
Urinary bladder cyst
Urinary bladder cysts are considered tumor-like lesions and true simple cysts arising from the bladder wall are extremely rare 1.
Pathology
Three types of cysts have been described 1:
urachal cysts: dome and anterior wall
cloacal cysts: posterior wall
simple cyst of the bladder wa...
Article
Flip-flop fungus sign - FDG PET-CT
The flip-flop fungus sign suggests benign pulmonary disease on FDG-PET 1-4.
Lung cancer nodules demonstrate increasing FDG-avidity as the tumor grows. Lymph node spread occurs later and is therefore at an earlier stage of development and usually exhibits lower FDG-avidity 4.
Acutely, FDG-avidi...
Article
Periprosthetic joint infection of shoulder arthroplasties
Periprosthetic joint infection of shoulder arthroplasties is one of the most common reasons for post-operative revision surgery. Propionibacterium acnes is the most commonly associated organism.
Epidemiology
The mean incidence has been reported to be ~1%; although after reverse total shoulder ...
Article
Nerot-Sirveaux classification of scapular notching
The Nerot-Sirveaux classification of scapular notching describes the radiographic extent of bone loss in patients with scapular notching after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA).
An AP glenoid view (tangential to baseplate) is needed to assess for scapular notching, which will allow vis...
Article
Pancreatoduodenal space
The pancreaticoduodenal space (PDS) or groove (PDG) is a small anatomical potential space between the pancreatic head and duodenum 1.
Gross anatomy
Boundaries
medial: pancreatic head
lateral: 2nd portion of duodenum
superior: duodenal bulb
inferior 3rd portion of duodenum
posterior: infer...
Article
Knuckle pads
Knuckle pads, also known as Garrod pads, Garrod nodes or holoderma, are benign, subcutaneous, fibrofatty growths that overlie the interphalangeal joints of the fingers or toes 1,2. These are a rare form of superficial musculoskeletal fibromatoses.
Clinical presentation
Knuckle pads present as ...
Article
Gliomatosis peritonei
Gliomatosis peritonei is very rare and is characterized by the implantation of benign mature glial tissue in the peritoneum, omentum, and/or lymph nodes. It is usually associated with ovarian teratoma, although has rarely been seen with other teratomas 1-4.
Rarely gliomatosis peritonei has also...
Article
Akeret staging of neuroepithelial tumors
The Akeret or anatomical staging of neuroepithelial tumors adheres loosely to the general scheme underlying AJCC TNM staging. Like other cancer staging systems, it assists in estimating the individual prognosis, in tailoring patient-specific therapy and surveillance, and in improving the compara...
Article
Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis
Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis is a relatively common cause of bacterial meningoencephalitis and is more common in the elderly and immunocompromised 2.
Epidemiology
Listeria meningoencephalitis can occur sporadically or in the setting of foodborne epidemics 1. Where meningoencephal...
Article
Accessory hepatic sulci
Accessory hepatic grooves (also known as accessory hepatic fissures or accessory hepatic sulci) are a common anatomic variant, with majority of accessory grooves occurring over the diaphragmatic surface of the liver 1,2.
Several hypotheses have been made regarding the process by which an access...
Article
Internal auditory canal atresia
Internal auditory canal atresia, also known as internal auditory canal stenosis, is characterized by partial or complete bony atresia of the internal auditory canal, often in association with hypoplasia/aplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
Terminology
Internal auditory meatus is commonly us...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.