Items tagged “cases”

5,504 results found
Article

Nervus intermedius neuralgia

Nervus intermedius neuralgia, or geniculate neuralgia, corresponds to a clinical manifestation of sudden paroxysms of excruciating otalgia which usually lasts a few seconds to a few minutes, involving the nervus intermedius (intermediate nerve of Wrisberg). Epidemiology Nervus intermedius neur...
Article

Left ventricular outflow tract

The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) (also sometimes called the aortic vestibule) is considered to represent the region of the left ventricle that lies between the anterior cusp of the mitral valve and the ventricular septum. It directs blood towards the aortic annulus and through the aorti...
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Longitudinal vs transverse petrous temporal bone fracture

Petrous temporal bone fractures are classically divided into longitudinal, transverse or mixed fracture patterns, depending on the direction of fracture plane with respect to the long axis of the petrous temporal bone. Some features may aid in distinguishing them. Longitudinal petrous temporal ...
Article

Maxillary ostium

The maxillary ostium or maxillary hiatus is an opening that forms the drainage channel of the maxillary sinus and is also one of the components of the ostiomeatal unit. It is located posteriorly and medially near the roof of the maxillary sinus measuring approximately 2-4 mm. It drains into the ...
Article

Watermelon skin sign

The watermelon skin sign refers to diffuse, radiating, streaky areas of low signal intensity in prostate on T2WI in patients with prostatic tuberculosis 1.  
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Urbach-Wiethe disease

Urbach-Wiethe disease, also known as lipoid proteinosis or hyalinosis cutis et mucosae, is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis that primarily affects the skin, upper respiratory tract, and central nervous system. Epidemiology Urbach-Wiethe disease is a very rare condition, with fewer tha...
Article

Vermian maturity assessment (approach)

Radiological evaluation of the posterior fossa is an essential part of the routine fetal assessment, including vermian maturity assessment. Radiographic features Ultrasonography is a readily available diagnostic tool in the assessment of the fetal posterior fossa but is sometimes limited due t...
Article

Platythorax

A platythorax refers to a morphological descriptor for the variation chest shape where there is a flat chest with a comparative reduction in the AP diameter when compared with the lateral diameter. It is commonly seen in pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis 3 and is due to marked upper lobe volume c...
Article

Pectus arcuatum

Pectus arcuatum, or “wave-like chest”, is a descriptive term is used in a situation of a mixed deformity which contains both a pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum either along the longitudinal or axial axis. It is also known as a pouter pigeon chest. There is often protrusion at the upper part...
Article

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo. It occurs secondary to change in posture and typically is associated with nystagmus. The etiology is thought to be due to changes of position of the otoliths in the inner ear, most commonly into the posterio...
Article

Luxury perfusion

Luxury perfusion, also sometimes referred to as post-ischemic hypoperfusion, is a neuroradiological term used to describe regional cerebral blood flow in excess of local metabolic requirements. It is most commonly seen in the setting of reperfused cerebral infarction. Although luxury perfusion p...
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Todd paralysis

Todd paralysis, also known as Todd paresis or postictal paralysis, describes transient focal neurological deficits after an epileptic seizure. It is an important clinical and imaging differential diagnosis of ischemic stroke presenting with a seizure.   Epidemiology The incidence of Todd paral...
Article

Organizing pneumonia

Organizing pneumonia (OP) refers to a clinicopathological entity which is associated with non-specific clinical findings, radiographic findings, and pulmonary function test (PFT) results. When an underlying cause is unknown it is classified as cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP; also referre...
Article

Gerbode defect

The Gerbode defect describes a rare abnormal left-to-right shunt between the left ventricle and right atrium through a defect in the atrioventricular septum, usually congenital in etiology. Epidemiology Gerbode defects are rare congenital cardiac anomalies, and are thought to account for less ...
Article

Aortic valve regurgitation

Aortic valve regurgitation, also known as aortic valve insufficiency or aortic valve incompetence, is a valvulopathy that describes leaking of the aortic valve during diastole that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction from the aorta and into the left ventricle. Epidemiology Aortic reg...
Article

Catheter-associated mass

Catheter-associated mass, also known as catheter tip granuloma, is a relatively rare complication related to an intrathecal catheter. Terminology Although the term catheter tip granuloma is commonly found in the literature, some favor the more general term catheter-associated mass as they actu...
Article

Arthrofibrosis

Arthrofibrosis is a complication of injury or trauma to a joint. It can also be iatrogenic e.g. post knee surgeries. It consists of excessive scar tissue formation within the joint capsule, resulting in pain, stiffness, and swelling, which are greater than expected in the given clinical scenario...
Article

Haller index

The Haller index (HI), also known as the pectus index, is a simple mathematical way to assess and describe the chest cage on CT of the thorax and is used in the detection and pre/postoperative assessment of pectus excavatum 1,5. Measurement The Haller index is calculated by dividing the transv...
Article

Radiation-induced heart disease

Radiation-induced heart disease, also known as radiation cardiotoxicity, describes an uncommon constellation of potential cardiac complications of thoracic radiotherapy. Epidemiology The demographics of patients affected by radiation-induced heart disease are those of the underlying condition ...
Article

Perigastric appendagitis

Perigastric appendagitis is a rare inflammatory/ischemic process involving the perigastric ligaments (gastrohepatic, gastrosplenic and falciform ligaments). Along with epiploic appendagitis and omental infarction, perigastric appendagitis falls under the umbrella of intraperitoneal focal fat in...

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