Items tagged “cases”
5,517 results found
Article
Brissaud-Sicard syndrome
Brissaud-Sicard syndrome is a very rare pontine stroke syndrome that involves the anterolateral and inferior pons.
Clinical presentation
Classically, the syndrome presents as ipsilateral facial cramps and contralateral hemiparesis 1-3.
Pathology
It has been postulated that the syndrome is ca...
Article
Glycogen storage disease type I
Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD-I), also known as von Gierke disease, is a type of glycogen storage disease where there is excess deposition of glycogen primarily in the liver, but also in the kidney and small bowel.
Epidemiology
It occurs approximately one in every 100,000 live births 2,...
Article
Erased charcoal sign (prostate cancer)
The erased charcoal sign describes the typical appearance of focal prostate cancer in the transition zone characterized as homogeneous hypointensity on T2WI with ill-defined borders, akin to a charcoal pencil drawing smudged with an eraser, often with a lenticular or waterdrop-like shape.
Article
Optic nerve sheath diameter
Optic nerve sheath diameter has significance in the assessment of papilledema in cases of elevated intracranial pressure.
Pathology
The optic nerve sheath demonstrates changes in diameter with CSF pressure changes as there is a layer of subarachnoid space between the nerve and its sheath, whic...
Article
Supraorbital air cells
Supraorbital air cells are an anatomical variant of the paranasal sinuses. They consist of cells originating from the anterior ethmoid air cells extending posteriorly and superiorly over the orbit from the frontal recess. They may mimic septated frontal sinuses as their posterior wall is the sku...
Article
Free-floating thrombus of the internal carotid artery
Free-floating thrombus of the internal carotid artery is an uncommon entity placing the patient at high risk for acute ischemic stroke. It is characterized by intraluminal thrombus within the internal carotid artery (ICA) and aggressively managed with surgical, medical, or combined therapy.
Ep...
Article
Jugulotympanic paraganglioma
Jugulotympanic paragangliomas (previously known as glomus jugulotympanicum tumors) are jugular paragangliomas that have spread superiorly to involve the middle ear cavity. The term can also be used clinically when a suspected tympanic paraganglioma involves the hypotympanum as its inferior exten...
Article
Spermatic cord liposarcoma
Spermatic cord liposarcomas are the most common malignant tumor of the spermatic cord. Most present as painless, slow-growing masses and can be mistaken for inguinal hernias. They are usually well-differentiated and spread by local extension.
Epidemiology
In a large population-based registry,...
Article
Accessory semimembranosus muscle
The accessory semimembranosus muscle is a rare accessory muscle of the posterior compartment of the thigh. It arises from the distal aspect of the semimembranosus muscle belly and courses through the popliteal fossa between it and the semitendinosus muscle medially and the biceps femoris lateral...
Article
AO Spine classification of thoracolumbar injuries
The AO Spine classification of thoracolumbar injuries is a commonly used thoracolumbar spinal fracture classification system 1,2.
The current AO Spine system (2013) supercedes the more complex and less reproducible AO Magerl classification 3. Unlike the other widely used system, the thoracolumb...
Article
Angular pregnancy
Angular pregnancies are those in which implantation occurs eccentrically along the fundus of the endometrial cavity, along with the lateral upper angle or cornua of the uterus.
In contrast to interstitial tubal pregnancy, angular pregnancies have a more medial location and are considered an int...
Article
Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis
Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM) is a rarely recognized condition manifested by random pulmonary meningothelial nodules (PMNs) scattered throughout the lungs.
Epidemiology
There is a strong female predilection, with one literature review of surgically proven DPM finding that 92% of...
Article
Pediatric nasal cavity masses
Pediatric nasal cavity masses can occur within the nose or the nasopharynx. These masses are often found incidentally on imaging but can be readily apparent clinically.
Clinical presentation
The clinical features of these lesions tend to mimic upper respiratory processes and may result in dela...
Article
Pulmonary meningothelial nodules
Pulmonary meningothelial nodules are sometimes large enough to be recognized on CT and are commonly asymptomatic and indolent. They may present as numerous randomly distributed nodules, termed diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM) 7.
Terminology
They were originally called pulmonary che...
Article
Telltale triangle sign
The telltale triangle sign, also known as the triangle sign or telltale triangle, is a radiographic sign seen on plain abdominal radiographs in a supine, cross table lateral or decubitus view that signifies presence of pneumoperitoneum, of any cause 1,2.
It describes the appearance of a radiolu...
Article
Parotid infantile hemangioma
Parotid infantile hemangiomas are the most common parotid tumor of childhood. They usually run a characteristically benign course.
Epidemiology
The median age at diagnosis is 4 months 1. There is a female preponderance with a male: female ratio of 1:3.
Clinical presentation
Presents as an en...
Article
Congenital hemangioma
Congenital hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors of childhood that are present at birth. They are generally different from the much commoner infantile hemangioma on imaging and have distinct histological and clinical features.
While the majority are cutaneous or subcutaneous in nature, they ca...
Article
Fibrous hamartoma of infancy
Fibrous hamartoma of infancy is a rare benign tumor of the subcutaneous tissues seen in children. More than 90% of cases present in the first year of life with up to 25% being congenital 1.
Epidemiology
There is a reported male:female ratio of 2:1 but the exact incidence is unknown 2.
Clinica...
Article
Myotonic dystrophy type 1
Myotonic dystrophy type 1, also known as Steinert disease, is a rare autosomal dominant multisystem disorder.
Clinical presentation
In adults, it is mainly characterized by muscle weakness, myotonia, cardiac conduction defect and posterior subcapsular cataracts 1. In neonates, it is characteri...
Article
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas refers to the presence of gas in the peritoneal cavity following a surgical procedure and may result from open or laparoscopic surgical techniques.
Terminology
Postoperative free intraperitoneal gas is also referred to as postoperative pneumoperitoneum 1....
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