Items tagged “cases”
5,524 results found
Article
Quantitative computed tomography (thoracic imaging)
Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in thoracic imaging has multiple potential applications although often not adopted in standard use in many centers at time of initial writing (2019). These include
quantitating lung intensity / density and airway geometry in the normal adult human lung
as...
Article
Lipoma vs well-differentiated liposarcoma
There a number of features that can help distinguish between lipoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma. This article relates to superficial well-differentiated liposarcomas that typically occur in the extremities, also known as atypical lipomatous tumors, and not retroperitoneal liposarcoma.
E...
Article
Bathrocephaly
Bathrocephaly, also known as bathrocephalic occiputs, is a normal variation in skull shape, caused by an outward convex bulge of mid-portion of the occipital bone, often associated with a modification of the mendosal suture.
Epidemiology
The true incidence of this disorder is unknown 1.
Rarel...
Article
Limbus labrum
A limbus labrum is as an enlarged and deformed acetabular labrum, which covers the lateral margin of a subluxed femoral head.
Epidemiology
Seen in children and young adults.
Clinical presentation
hip pain and labral tears
seen mainly in settings of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) o...
Article
Gallbladder cancer
Gallbladder cancer is relatively uncommon compared to other hepatobiliary malignancies.
Pathology
Primary
gallbladder carcinoma
gallbladder adenocarcinoma: most common 1
gallbladder squamous cell carcinoma
gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma
gallbladder sarcoma: very rare 2
gallbladder ...
Article
Radiation-induced organizing pneumonia
Radiation-induced organizing pneumonia (RIOP) is considered a form of inflammatory lung disease occasionally observed usually after irradiation to the breast. It is classified as a type of secondary organizing pneumonia that is characterized by infiltrative opacification "outside" the irradiated...
Article
Facet joint arthropathy
Facet joint arthropathy (also known as facet joint arthrosis) is a common cause of low back pain and is most commonly due to osteoarthritis. It occurs from facet joint chondral loss, osteophyte formation and hypertrophy of the articular processes that may cause spinal canal stenosis in severe ca...
Article
Anti-Jo-1 antibody positive interstitial lung disease
Anti-Jo-1 antibody positive interstitial lung disease refer to cases of interstitial lung disease occurring in the setting on anti-Jo-1 antibody positivity.
Pathology
Anti-Jo-1 antibody positivity has a recognized association with interstitial lung disease. This most commonly occurs in a setti...
Article
Prayer's fracture
Prayer's fracture is an insufficiency fracture of the posterior femoral condyle. This typically occurs secondary to prolonged repeated knee flexion placing force on the non-weight-bearing posterior condyles, such as that encountered with a daily prayer ritual where the knee is held in extreme fl...
Article
Excessive dynamic airway collapse
Excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) refers to a dynamic form of central airway obstruction characterized by a decrease of ≥50% (more recent publications suggest >70%) in the cross-sectional area of the tracheobronchial lumen. Diagnosis is usually confirmed by dynamic cross-sectional imaging...
Article
Self‐limiting sternal tumors of childhood
Self‐limiting sternal tumors of childhood (SELSTOC) are rare, self-limiting, dumbbell-shaped chest wall tumor found in young children.
Epidemiology
Median age is 16 months (range 7-50 months).
Pathology
The pathology is not clearly defined, but often shows aspecific inflammation.
Radiograp...
Article
Contrast medium
Contrast media are a group of chemical agents developed to aid in the characterization of pathology by improving the contrast resolution of an imaging modality. Specific contrast media have been developed for every structural imaging modality, and every conceivable route of administration.
Bari...
Article
Levator claviculae
The levator claviculae or cleidocervical muscle is an uncommon accessory muscle in the neck that may be mistaken for a neck mass. This normal variant has been reported in 2%-3% of humans. The muscle is often reported either as an incidental finding during cadaveric or radiological examinations a...
Article
Transverse fissure
The transverse fissure (of Bichat) is the cerebral fissure that extends laterally from the ambient cistern towards the hippocampus.
Gross anatomy
The transverse fissure is the lateral extension of the ambient cistern that connects with the choroidal fissure superolaterally and hippocampal fiss...
Article
Redating pregnancy (ultrasound)
Redating a pregnancy may occur when there is a discrepancy between the estimated due date (EDD) calculated by the last menstrual period (LMP) and that by ultrasound. Care should be taken when redating a pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, as there may be other reasons for a fetus to be...
Article
Perianal disease
Perianal disease, also known as anorectal disease, is the collective name given to a group of diseases that primarily affect the anal canal +/- rectum. The disease spectrum ranges from the typically benign, e.g. hemorrhoids, to the potentially more serious, e.g. perianal fistula 1-3.
hemorrhoid...
Article
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements are known to occur in association with several tumors. The genes code for an enzyme called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) or ALK tyrosine kinase receptor (also known as CD246) which is thought to play a role in brain development and exerts i...
Article
Esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (staging)
Esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma staging refers to TNM staging of adenocarcinoma originating in the esophagus or esophagogastric junction (including tumors whose center is within the proximal 2 cm of the gastric cardia).
Related histologies included in this system are high...
Article
Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS)
Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is a rare neurodegenerative balance disorder and RFC1-related disease characterized by cerebellar ataxia, sensory neuronopathy (ganglionopathy), and bilateral vestibular hypofunction.
Epidemiology
The epidemiology is ...
Article
Tenesmus
Tenesmus (also known as rectal tenesmus to differentiate from vesical tenesmus) is stated by patients as the unpleasant symptom that there remains something to evacuate from the rectum despite passing a stool. It is often - but not always - painful. Frequently there are actually no feces left in...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.