Items tagged “cases”
5,524 results found
Article
Vaughan-Jackson syndrome
Vaughan-Jackson syndrome describes a rare syndrome of sequential atraumatic extensor tendon ruptures in the hand, usually in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis of the distal radioulnar joint.
Clinical presentation
The presentation is with reduced extension of the fingers 1-5. Typically, the f...
Article
Hepatic myelolipoma
Hepatic myelolipoma is a rare, benign fat-containing lesion of the liver, usually asymptomatic and found incidentally. Its diagnosis by imaging remains difficult because of a lack of pathognomonic signs. The definite diagnosis is by resection or biopsy.
Epidemiology
Hepatic myelolipomas are ...
Article
Central herniation
Central herniation is the subtype of downward transtentorial herniation of the brain that involves descent of the diencephalon and midbrain. It usually occurs with other types of downward herniation such as uncal herniation.
Clinical manifestations
The clinical syndrome of central herniation c...
Article
Hepatic teratoma
Hepatic teratomas are extremely rare and represent either intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal teratomas that have invaded the liver. Hepatic teratomas comprise <1% of all teratomas.
Epidemiology
These are extremely rare with only a few case reports have been described in the literature. The ma...
Article
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy related pneumonitis
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related pneumonitis is one of the complications that can occur in the setting of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Epidemiology
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related pneumonitis is considered a rare complication with a reported incidence of <5% in m...
Article
Radiation recall pneumonitis
Radiation recall pneumonitis is a rare reaction occurring in previously irradiated areas of pulmonary tissue after the application of triggering agents (e.g. chemotherapeutic agents, immunomodulators). It is not thought to be due to the direct effect of radiation. Classically this has been descr...
Article
Translation-rotation spine injury
Translation-rotation spine injuries are severe injuries characterized by horizontal displacement or rotation of one vertebral body with respect to another.
Pathology
These injuries result from torsional and shear forces. This type of injury is usually severe and involves the posterior ligament...
Article
High-risk pregnancy
High-risk pregnancies are any that actually or potentially threaten either the health or life of the mother or her fetus during pregnancy, labor, or birth. From a radiological perspective, high-risk pregnancies may undergo further screening or have close follow-up with growth and well-being scan...
Article
Deep endometriosis (transvaginal ultrasound)
Transvaginal ultrasound (TV) for deep endometriosis is a specialized ultrasound technique used for the detection of deep endometriosis (DE). It differs from a traditional pelvic ultrasound in that the scan is extended beyond the uterus and ovaries to assess the anterior and posterior pelvic comp...
Article
Omental liver packs
Omental liver packs have been used in the surgical management of traumatic lacerations and hepatic lobectomy. Knowledge of this surgical technique could avoid misinterpretation or confusion of these findings with true postsurgical complications.
Technique
This technique consists of mobilizing...
Article
Doughnut sign (orbit)
The doughnut sign of optic nerve sheath meningioma refers to the appearance of this tumor on coronal CT/MRI. The meningioma forms a thick cuff of enhancing tumor around the central non-enhancing optic nerve, mimicking the appearance of a ring doughnut. It is the coronal equivalent of the tram-tr...
Article
Sinonasal polyposis (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember the causes of sinonasal polyposis is:
KIC AAAN
Mnemonic
K: Kartagener syndrome
I: infectious rhinosinusitis
C: cystic fibrosis
A: aspirin sensitivity
A: allergic fungal sinusitis
A: asthma
N: nickel exposure
Article
Atzei classification of peripheral TFCC tears
The Atzei classification of peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears offers a more differentiated approach on a spectrum of peripherally located triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears, which are classically summarized as “Palmer 1b” lesions 1-3.
Usage
Peripheral lesion...
Article
Ideberg classification of glenoid fossa fractures
The Ideberg classification system is the most common system used to describe glenoid fossa and rim fractures 1. Glenoid fractures are uncommon fractures of the shoulder but are important to recognize as they are often associated with concomitant injuries to chest, head, brachial plexus and humer...
Article
Meningo-ophthalmic artery
The meningo-ophthalmic artery is a variant arterial anatomy in which the entire supply to the ophthalmic artery derives from the middle meningeal artery. This variation represents one extreme of a spectrum of the persistence of the embryologic stapedial artery.
Gross anatomy
The meningo-ophtha...
Article
Prefemoral fat pad
The prefemoral fat pad, also called the posterior suprapatellar fat pad or supratrochlear fat pad, is a normal collection of adipose tissue anterior to the femur. It is one of the three main anterior fat pads of the knee, along with the infrapatellar and quadriceps fat pads.
Gross anatomy
Boun...
Article
Cinematic rendering
Cinematic rendering is a novel 3D rendering algorithm that produces a more photorealistic representation of 3D images with enhanced depth and shape perception than achieved with standard volume rendering (VR) 1. It was developed by Siemens Healthineers 2. This technique has been FDA approved for...
Article
HIV-associated salivary gland disease
HIV-associated salivary gland disease is a condition characterized by lymphatic infiltration of the salivary glands, especially the parotids. This condition of HIV patients can be part of the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome. The condition is one of the most important AIDS-associated ...
Article
Pulmonary gangrene
Pulmonary gangrene can be a complication of necrotizing pneumonia and often represents a final stage in a continuum of progressive devitalisation of pulmonary parenchyma and is characterized by sloughing of a pulmonary segment or lobe.
Pathology
In most instances, it occurs as a complication o...
Article
Toxic shock syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a severe bacterial-toxin mediated condition, characterized by an initial soft tissue infection, which rapidly progresses to systemic disease and circulatory collapse 5. It is due to a Gram positive infection, most frequently Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus py...
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