Items tagged “cases”
5,517 results found
Article
Articular-sided rotator cuff tear
Articular-sided rotator cuff tears are partial-thickness rotator cuff tears extending from the articular side into the rotator cuff.
Epidemiology
Articular-sided rotator cuff tears commonly occur in athletes with overhead activity 1.
They are more common than bursal-sided tears and most commo...
Article
Bursal-sided rotator cuff tear
Bursal-sided rotator cuff tears are partial-thickness rotator cuff tears extending from the bursal side into the rotator cuff.
Epidemiology
Bursal-sided rotator cuff tears are less common than articular-sided rotator cuff tears or intra-substance tears in cadaver studies an increase with age 5...
Article
Critical zone tear
A critical zone tear refers to a rotator cuff tear in the critical zone of the rotator cuff, described approximately 8-20 mm proximal of the insertion site.
Epidemiology
Common in adults and older people not so common in children and adolescents 2.
Clinical presentation
The clinical manifest...
Article
Little league shoulder
Little league shoulder is thought to occur due to overuse damage of the proximal humeral epiphysis/metaphysis, seen typically in young baseball players, especially pitchers.
Epidemiology
Although it is most commonly seen in baseball players particularly in pitchers, it also presents in adolesc...
Article
Massive rotator cuff tear
Massive rotator cuff tears are large full-thickness tears usually leading to glenohumeral joint destabilization. Different definitions of a massive rotator cuff tear exist in regard to tear size or the involvement of tendons.
Epidemiology
They constitute up to 40% of all rotator cuff tears 1,2...
Article
Myocardial scar tissue
Myocardial scar tissue or myocardial scar is referred to as the final result and pathological correlate of myocardial infarction or myocardial injury and typically develops from the infarcted myocardium.
Terminology
Myocardial scar tissue is the result of replacement fibrosis and is also calle...
Article
Posterior interosseous nerve syndrome
Posterior interosseous nerve syndrome is a nerve compression neuropathy of the posterior interosseous branch of the radial nerve, which affects the innervation of the forearm extensor compartment.
Epidemiology
Compressive neuropathies of the forearm are far less common than of the wrist, with ...
Article
Basal cell carcinoma of external auditory canal
The carcinomas of the external auditory canal are unusual with an annual incidence of one per million 1. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor of EAC accounting for 80% of all tumors followed by basal cell carcinoma as the second most common histological type 2,3.
Clinical pre3sentat...
Article
Skinfold artifact
The skinfold artifact can mimic a pneumothorax on chest radiography and is caused by the added density of a skin fold against the image. It appears as a broad opacity laterally, outlined by a lucent line (Mach band effect) 2.
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
The following features may h...
Article
Carotid near-occlusion
Carotid near-occlusion is a special form of severe carotid artery stenosis that results in a partial or complete collapse of the distal internal carotid artery lumen due to underfilling.
It should not be confused with carotid pseudo-occlusion due to terminal intracranial internal carotid arter...
Article
Billroth I reconstruction
Billroth I is a type of surgical reconstruction that has been performed after partial gastrectomy, usually in the setting of tumor or ulcer resection.
The key feature of a Billroth I reconstruction is the formation of an end-to-end anastomosis between the proximal remnant stomach and duodenal s...
Article
Biker's nodule
Biker's nodule refers to a mass in the perineum that occur in cyclists.
Epidemiology
In keeping with bicycling being a male dominated recreational activity, the pathology is most commonly found in young-middle aged males, more commonly during first 6 to 12 months of taking up the sport.
Path...
Article
Pincer morphology (femoroacetabular impingement)
Pincer morphology refers to an abnormality of the acetabulum, in particular, acetabular overcoverage, which can be focal or global and is one cause of femoroacetabular impingement.
Terminology
Pincer morphology is also referred to as 'pincer deformity', though according to the Warwick agreeme...
Article
Edge of film error
Edge of film errors, also known as corner of film errors, are a classical perceptual error in radiology where a pertinent finding, whether incidental or not, is at the margin or edge of the image.
It is now used for all modalities, in both a literal sense, i.e. actually at the edge of the image...
Article
Coal mine dust lung disease
Coal mine dust lung disease encompasses a number of occupational lung diseases 1,2:
coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP)
mixed dust pneumoconiosis
silicosis
dust-related diffuse fibrosis
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Article
ARCO classification of femoral head osteonecrosis
The ARCO classification (Association Research Circulation Osseous classification) is one of the staging systems used to assess femoral head osteonecrosis. It was created in 1994 and periodically revised. The most recent revision from 2019 2 includes using radiographs and MRIs.
Classification
s...
Article
Friction syndrome
A friction syndrome is a form of overuse injury caused by repetitive scouring between tendinous and bony structures or different tendons.
Epidemiology
Usually, young adults and athletes are affected but they can occur at any age.
Clinical presentation
Friction syndromes usually present with ...
Article
Impingement syndrome
Impingement syndrome is a painful encroachment of joint motion caused by protruding bony or soft tissue structures.
Epidemiology
Impingement syndromes are common and can occur at any age.
Risk factors
developmental osseous anomalies
overuse activity
trauma
Associations
osteoarthritis
te...
Article
Infective enteritis
Infective enteritis is a common condition although, routinely, does not require imaging.
Clinical pathology
Patients can present with fevers, colicky abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting 2,3.
Pathology
There are numerous organisms that can cause infective enteritis with classically...
Article
Scapulothoracic bursitis
Scapulothoracic bursitis (rare plural: scapulothoracic bursitides) is defined by inflammation of the scapulothoracic bursae.
Terminology
The constellation of symptoms arising from scapulothoracic bursitis is commonly referred to as snapping scapula syndrome 1, although there are other causes o...
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