Items tagged “definition”
93 results found
Article
Visual agnosia
Visual agnosia is a special type of agnosia where patients are unable to recognize objects despite having knowledge about them and being able to visually perceive them.
It typically occurs when there is damage to the ventral occipitotemporal pathway, such as in posterior cerebral atrophy (Benso...
Article
Agnosia
Agnosia is a neurological disorder characterized by an inability to identify an object despite both having knowledge of that object and functional sensory input. For example, a patient with posterior cortical atrophy who characteristically has visual agnosia, will be unable to identify a hammer,...
Article
Apraxia
Apraxia is the inability to perform tasks which the patient has previously learned and has no physical impairment which would preclude them from performing them 1.
Typically apraxia stems from damage to the parietal lobes.
Article
Forme fruste
Forme fruste (rare plural: formes frustes) is a term which refers to the incomplete phenotypic expression of a condition, such that it does not meet the usual diagnostic criteria.
For example, an individual with imaging features consistent with tuberous sclerosis, but without skin lesions, sei...
Article
Atresia
Atresia (plural: atresias) refers to a situation where there is absence, underdevelopment or abnormal closure, of a normal anatomical tubular structure or opening.
Contrast this with agenesis which refers to the complete absence of any anatomical structure including its primordial precursors.
...
Article
Hydrometra
Hydrometra is a descriptive term that refers to a distended uterus filled with clear, non-infected fluid.
See also
hematometra
pyometra
hydrometrocolpos
hydrocolpos
endometrial fluid
Article
Holocord presentation
Holocord presentation refers to a process that involves the entire spinal cord from the cervicomedullary junction to the tip of the conus. It does not relate to a specific condition, nor does it distinguish between involvement by cystic expansion, solid tumor, or by a combination of both. It mer...
Article
Anterolisthesis
The term anterolisthesis refers to anterior displacement (forward slip) of a vertebral body relative to the one below.
Its severity can be graded by the Meyerding classification and its etiology classified according to the Wiltse classification.
Article
Retrolisthesis
The term retrolisthesis (less commonly known as retrospondylolisthesis or posterolisthesis, or reverse vertebral slip) refers to posterior displacement of a vertebral body relative to the caudal vertebral body.
Pathology
Causes include:
trauma
facet joint osteoarthritis
congenital anomalies...
Article
Infarct core
The infarct core denotes the part of an acute ischemic stroke that has already infarcted or is irrevocably destined to infarct regardless of reperfusion. It is also referred to as established infarct and is in distinction from the penumbra, which remains potentially salvageable.
CT perfusion
...
Article
Ischemic penumbra
Ischemic penumbra denotes the part of an acute ischemic stroke that is at risk of progressing to infarction but is still salvageable if reperfused. It is usually located around an infarct core which represents the tissue which has already infarcted or is going to infarct regardless of reperfusio...
Article
Dehiscence
Dehiscence is a general term referring to 'splitting open' and is used in a variety of contexts in medicine generally and radiology more specifically.
The two most common usages are:
splitting open of a wound (e.g. sternal dehiscence)
loss of bone separating one structure from another (e.g. ...
Article
Terms used in radiology
There are numerous terms used in radiology (and clinical medicine more generally) that are worth knowing and this is a list of some of them.
Please maintain all lists in alphabetical order.
General
acute
ancillary
chronic
Cinderella
diagnosis of exclusion
dilation vs dilatation
epiphen...
Article
Wound dehiscence
Wound dehiscence is a surgical complication whereby there is rupture of a wound along the surgical scar (dehiscence, refers to "splitting open"). This may occur on the skin surface, or along a deeper suture line.
Clinical presentation
Presentation may be with pain (e.g. sternal dehiscence), or...
Article
Lacrimal apparatus
The lacrimal apparatus consists of the lacrimal gland and the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus.
The gland produces tears secreted into the lateral aspect of the superior fornix. The serous fluid washes over the eye and is drained at the medial canthus by the superior and inferior lacrimal canal...
Article
Poliovirus
Poliovirus is the causative agent involved in poliomyelitis. It is a single-stranded RNA virus and one of the smallest significantly described viruses:
group: group IV
family: picornaviruses
genus: enterovirus
species: enterovirus C
subtype: poliovirus
Related pathology
poliomyelitis
pol...
Article
Fracture-a-la-signature (skull fracture)
Fracture-a-la-signature (or signature fracture) is another term used to described a depressed skull fracture.
Fracture-a-la-signature derives its name from forensic medicine because the size and shape of a depressed skull fracture may give information on the type of weapon used. It can be a si...
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Bucket handle appearance (disambiguation)
Bucket handle appearance is used in imaging to refer to several different entities:
bucket handle fracture - non-accidental injury
bucket handle fracture of the pelvis
bucket handle meniscal tear
bucket handle mesenteric injury
Article
Locus heterogeneity
Locus heterogeneity is a genetics term referring to different genes resulting in the same phenotype 1. An example of a condition demonstrating locus heterogeneity Joubert syndrome and related disorders.
Article
Allelic heterogeneity
Allelic heterogeneity is a genetics term referring to same gene mutations resulting in different phenotypes 1. An example of a condition demonstrating allelic heterogeneity is Joubert syndrome and related disorders.
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