Items tagged “dental”
52 results found
Article
Ludwig angina
Ludwig angina, also known as Ludwig cellulitis, refers to rapidly progressive cellulitis of the floor of mouth, which is potentially life-threatening due to the risk of rapid airway compromise.
Epidemiology
Largely due to the advent of antibiotics, the condition is uncommon in present day mod...
Article
Van der Woude syndrome
Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is characterized by the association of congenital lower lip fistulae/pits with cleft lip and/or palate.
It is one of the most common clefting syndromes in humans 1 and affected individuals have a high prevalence of hypodontia.
Pathology
Genetics
It carries an aut...
Article
Solitary median maxillary central incisor
Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) is a rare dental anomaly. It is usually considered as a minor manifestation (variant) of holoprosencephaly (HPE).
Epidemiology
It is estimated to occur in 1:50,000 live births.
Pathology
It is a complex disorder consisting of multiple, mainly...
Article
Mesiodens
A mesiodens (plural: mesiodentes) is the most common supernumerary tooth and is located in the palatal midline between the two maxillary central incisors.
Epidemiology
It is rare with an estimated prevalence of ~1% (range 0.09 to 2.2%) 3. There is an increased male predilection with a M:F rati...
Article
Ectodermal dysplasia
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) refers to a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that cause abnormal ectoderm development. The effect is a non-progressive defect in the development of two or more tissues derived from embryonic ectoderm.
Epidemiology
Ectodermal dysplasia is rare with an estimate...
Article
Floating teeth
Floating teeth is the description given to the appearances on imaging of teeth that appear to be floating as a result of alveolar bone destruction around their roots.
Differential diagnosis
They are uncommonly encountered, with a wide differential diagnosis - albeit that the underlying cause ...
Article
Oroantral fistula
Oroantral fistulas are a pathological communication between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus (antrum).
Terminology
The term oroantral fistula is similar to but not synonymous with the term oroantral communication (OAC). An oro-antral fistula refers to an "epithelialized" pathological un...
Article
Dental abscess
Dental (periapical) abscesses are an acute infection of the periapical tissue around the root of the tooth.
Clinical presentation
Patients may present with pain, edema, and purulent discharge localized to the site of pathology with or without fever and tender cervical lymphadenopathy 1.
Patho...
Article
Teeth
The teeth (singular: tooth; collective term: dentition) can be both primary and secondary, with the eruption of permanent teeth occurring over a long period between the ages of 6 and 24 years. When an individual has a complete set of teeth, they are said to be dentate, if some are missing they a...
Article
Supernumerary teeth
Supernumerary teeth (hyperdontia) are teeth additional to the standard primary or permanent dentition.
Terminology
The term supplemental tooth may be used when the supernumerary tooth resembles its associated normal tooth and the term peridens may be used for an ectopically erupted (e.g. bucca...
Article
Hypodontia
Hypodontia, also known as oligodontia or adontia, refers to the developmental failure of one or more teeth, excluding the third molars.
Terminology
The phenomenon of non-development of teeth has been described using several terms including 'hypodontia', 'oligodontia' and 'adontia'. The descrip...
Article
Bifid premolar root
A bifid premolar root is a normal variant where there are two roots involving a premolar tooth. It is thought to present in approximately 2.5 % of population 1. They are mostly located in the buccal and lingual directions.
See also
teeth
Article
Inferior alveolar nerve injury
Inferior alveolar nerve injuries are most commonly iatrogenic, predominantly post third mandibular molar extraction, although they can occur post dental implant. Mandibular fractures are the most frequent non-iatrogenic etiology. This article is focussed on iatrogenic injuries.
Epidemiology
T...
Article
Microdontia
Microdontia is where a tooth appears smaller than normal. It most commonly affects the maxillary lateral incisor and the third molars.
Article
Dental terminology
There are specific dental terminology to be aware of when describing teeth and dental disease on orthopantomogram or other imaging studies of the teeth or jaw 1.
apical: the direction towards the apex of the root of a tooth
mesial: the direction towards the anterior midline of the dental arch
...
Article
Fédération Dentaire Internationale (FDI) notation
The Fédération Dentaire Internationale or FDI World Dental Federation notation system is a commonly used system for the numbering and naming of teeth. The system uses a two number system for the location and naming of each tooth.
Permanent teeth
The jaw is divided into four quadrants between t...
Article
Odontogenic sinusitis
Odontogenic sinusitis describes inflammation of the maxillary sinus secondary to dental pathology or dental procedures.
Epidemiology
Odontogenic sinusitis accounts for 5-70% of cases of chronic maxillary sinusitis. It is the most common cause of unilateral maxillary sinusitis 6.
Clinical pres...
Article
American Dental Association Universal Numbering System
The American Dental Association Universal Numbering System is a tooth notation system primarily used in the United States.
Teeth are numbered from the viewpoint of the dental practitioner looking into the open mouth, clockwise starting from the distalmost right maxillary teeth.
Permanent teeth...
Article
Periapical radiolucency (teeth)
Periapical radiolucencies are commonly observed findings on OPG and other dental/head and neck imaging modalities.
Differential diagnosis
They can represent a number of pathologies:
periapical lucency related to apical periodontitis
periapical granuloma
periapical abscess
periapical cyst
...
Article
Pericoronitis
Pericoronitis is the inflammation of the tissues around the crown of a partially erupted tooth.
Pathology
Pericoronitis most commonly occurs around the third mandibular molars. It initially manifests as a localized gingivitis, can extend into the alveolar bone and may progress to a head/neck ...
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