Items tagged “dental”
52 results found
Article
Ameloblastoma
Ameloblastomas are locally aggressive benign tumors that arise from the mandible, or, less commonly, from the maxilla. They usually present as a slowly but continuously growing hard painless lesion near the angle of the mandible in the 3rd to 5th decades of life, which can be severely disfigurin...
Article
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT), also known as a Pindborg tumor, (previously has been called adenoid adamintoblastoma, unusual ameloblastoma and cystic odontoma) is typically located in the premolar and molar region of the mandible, although up to a third are found in the maxilla....
Article
Cementoblastoma
Cementoblastomas are one of many mandibular lesions. It is a rare tumor of the cementum, with only approximately 100 cases reported. The key to diagnosis, both radiologically and histologically, is an attachment to the tooth root.
Terminology
Cementoblastomas have been previously described in...
Article
Cherubism
Cherubism has historically been considered a variant of fibrous dysplasia, but is likely a distinct entity.
Epidemiology
Cherubism is a rare disorder and the precise incidence is unknown. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern 2 and has variable penetrance, with onset in early child...
Article
Dentigerous cyst
Dentigerous cysts, also called follicular cysts, are slow-growing benign and non-inflammatory odontogenic cysts that are thought to be developmental in origin.
On imaging, they usually present as a well-defined and unilocular radiolucency surrounding the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth ...
Article
Radiolucent lesions of the mandible (differential)
Lucent lesions of the mandible are not uncommon and may be the result of odontogenic or non-odontogenic processes. Lucency may be conferred by a cystic process (e.g. periapical cyst) or a lytic process (e.g. mandibular metastases).
Pathology
Etiology
Odontogenic
periapical (radicular) cyst (...
Article
Mandibular lesions
Mandibular lesions are myriad and common. The presence of teeth results in lesions that are specific to the mandible (and maxilla) and a useful classification that defines them as odontogenic or non-odontogenic. While it may often not be possible to make a diagnosis on imaging alone, this classi...
Article
Odontogenic keratocyst
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), previously known as keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT or KOT), are rare benign cystic lesions involving the mandible or maxilla and are believed to arise from dental lamina. Whether these lesions are developmental or neoplastic is controversial, with the 4th ed...
Article
Odontogenic myxoma
Odontogenic myxomas are rare tumors that involve the mandible or maxilla and account for 3-6% of odontogenic tumors 2.
Epidemiology
Typically seen in the 2nd to 3rd decades of life (slightly earlier than ameloblastomas). They are usually not painful.
Pathology
Arises from mesenchymal odontog...
Article
Odontoma
Odontomas are one of the most common mandibular lesions encountered and the most common odontogenic tumors of the mandible. They account for up to two-thirds of all such tumors; the next most common are ameloblastomas, making up the majority of the remaining one-third.
Epidemiology
They can oc...
Article
Periapical cyst
Periapical cysts, also known as radicular cysts, are the most frequent cystic lesion related to teeth (see mandibular lesions) and result from infection of the tooth. On imaging, they generally appear as a round- or pear-shaped, unilocular, lucent lesion in the periapical region, usually measuri...
Article
Residual cyst
Residual cysts are inflammatory odontogenic cysts that develop following dental extraction. It is most frequently due to growth from a remnant of a radicular/periapical cyst 1. They occur more often in the maxilla 2.
Article
Sialolithiasis
Sialolithiasis refers to the formation of calculi (sialoliths) inside the ducts or parenchyma of salivary glands and most commonly occurs in the submandibular glands and their ducts.
Epidemiology
Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of salivary glands, accounting for approximately 50% of ...
Article
Stafne bone cavity
A Stafne bone cavity is a cortical defect near the angle of the mandible below the mandibular canal. It is usually an incidental finding and represents a depression in the medial aspect of the mandible filled by part of the submandibular gland or adjacent fat.
Terminology
A Stafne bone cavity...
Article
WHO classification of odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumors
The WHO classification of odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumors, last published in 2017, is a subset of the WHO classification of head and neck tumors (4th edition), which lays out a histological classification system for neoplasms and other tumors related to the odontogenic apparatus.
Clas...
Article
Mandibular fracture
Mandibular fractures are relatively common especially among young men. Although traditionally the mandible and base of skull are thought to form a complete bony ring, interrupted only by the TMJs. This should mean that the mandible should fracture in two places (akin to the bony pelvis) making s...
Article
Hutchinson teeth
Hutchinson teeth are smaller and more widely spaced than normal and are notched on their biting surfaces.
It is a sign of congenital syphilis and should not be confused with:
Hutchinson triad
Hutchinson pupil
Hutchinson freckle
Hutchinson sign
Hutchinson syndrome
History and etymology
Na...
Article
Incisive canal cyst
Incisive canal cysts, also known as nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDC), are developmental, non-neoplastic cysts arising from degeneration of nasopalatine ducts. These ducts usually regress in fetal life. The persistence of ductal epithelium leads to formation of cyst.
It is considered the most comm...
Article
Gorlin-Goltz syndrome
Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, also known as the basal cell nevus syndrome, nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, or just Gorlin syndrome, is a rare phakomatosis characterized by multiple odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and other abnormalities.
Epidemiology
The cond...
Article
Mental foramen
The mental foramen is a small foramen on the anterior surface of the mandible, typically adjacent to the root of the mandibular second premolar tooth. Normal variants have the foramen located anywhere between the canine and 1st molar. The mental nerve, a terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerv...
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