Items tagged “eponym”
41 results found
Article
Reverse Barton fracture
Reverse Barton fractures, also known as volar type Barton fractures, represent an intra-articular distal radial fracture with volar displacement.
In fact, the reverse Barton fracture is a type II Smith fracture: oblique distal intra-articular radial fracture 1,2.
For a discussion of this fract...
Article
Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica
Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH), also known as Trevor disease, is an extremely rare, non-hereditary disease that is characterized by osteochondromas arising from the epiphyses.
Epidemiology
The incidence is estimated at ~1:1,000,000 3. There is a recognized male predilection (M:F = 3:1...
Article
Cogan syndrome
Cogan syndrome is a rare vasculitis of young adults that is primarily characterized by 1,4,6:
inflammatory eye disease (classically interstitial keratitis) 6
audiovestibular dysfunction (similar to Meniere disease) 6
Epidemiology
Cogan syndrome is rare and can occur in people of any age and ...
Article
Fanconi anemia
Fanconi anemia is a rare disorder characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, various congenital abnormalities, and predisposition to malignancies (often acute myeloid leukemia). Bone marrow failure usually results in decreased production of all blood cells. It is considered the commonest ...
Article
Paget disease (disambiguation)
Paget disease can refer to:
Paget disease of bone
Paget disease of breast
extramammary Paget disease
History and etymology
These conditions are named after Sir James Paget (1814-1899) 1,2, British surgeon and pathologist.
Article
Petersen hernia
Petersen hernias are internal hernias which occur in the potential space posterior to a gastrojejunostomy. This hernia is caused by the herniation of intestinal loops through the defect between the small bowel limbs, the transverse mesocolon and the retroperitoneum, after any type of gastrojejun...
Article
Hampton line
The Hampton line is a thin millimetric radiolucent line seen at the neck of a gastric ulcer in barium studies (profile view), indicating its benign nature. It is caused by a thin line of mucosa overhanging the ulcer's crater.
History and etymology
It was originally described by Aubrey Otis Ham...
Article
Prussak space
Prussak space is a subcomponent of the lateral epitympanic space and extends from the level of the scutum to the umbo. This space is best demonstrated on the oblique coronal image.
Gross anatomy
Boundaries
lateral: pars flaccida of the tympanic membrane and the scutum
medial: neck of the ma...
Article
Waldenström sign (hip)
Waldenström sign is the increased distance between the pelvic teardrop and the femoral head. It is a highly specific sign of a hip joint effusion.
Radiographic features
Plain radiograph
>11 mm total distance or >2 mm difference compared to contralateral hip 1,2
measured between the lateral a...
Article
Carotidynia
Carotidynia, also known as Fay syndrome, is a rare syndrome characterized by neck pain in the region of the carotid bifurcation.
It was classified by the International Headache Society (IHS) in 1988 as an idiopathic neck pain syndrome associated with tenderness over the carotid bifurcation with...
Article
Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, more commonly known as just polio (and in the older literature, Heine-Medin disease), is a once common but now rare disease resulting from infection by the poliovirus. Most infected individuals develop no or non-serious symptoms as a result of the infection, but ~1% will develop l...
Article
Bochdalek's flower basket
Bochdalek's flower basket is the eponymous name for the incidental finding of protrusion of the choroid plexus through the foramina of Luschka. This is a relatively common finding.
It is an important normal variant to recognize as the presence of protruding calcified choroid tissue in the fourt...
Article
Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome
Gomez-Lopez-Hernandez syndrome, also known as cerebellotrigeminal-dermal dysplasia, is a rare phakomatosis characterized by rhombencephalosynapsis, parietal-occipital scalp alopecia, brachycephaly, facial malformations and trigeminal anesthesia.
Epidemiology
There have only been 35 reported c...
Article
Powers ratio
The Powers ratio is a measurement of the relationship of the foramen magnum to the atlas, used in the diagnosis of atlanto-occipital dissociation injuries.
The ratio, AB/CD, is measured as the ratio of the distance in the median (midsagittal) plane between the:
basion (A) and the posterior spi...
Article
Steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis
Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), also known as Hashimoto encephalopathy, is a rare complication of autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by a wide range of neurological or psychiatric symptoms, normal or nonspecific brain MRI findings, and elev...
Article
Hepatocystic triangle
The hepatocystic triangle (or Calot triangle) is a small triangular space at the porta hepatis of surgical importance as it is dissected during cholecystectomy. Its contents, the cystic artery and cystic duct, must be identified before ligation and division to avoid intraoperative injury.
Gros...
Article
Citelli abscess
Citelli abscesses are a suppurative complication of acute mastoiditis. The term may refer to extracranial abscesses in two different juxtamastoidal locations:
posterior to the mastoid involving/abutting the occipital bone
anteroinferior to the mastoid tip involving the digastric muscle or with...
Article
Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma
Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma (PILA) (also known - especially historically - as a Dabska tumor) is a rare, low-grade soft tissue tumor 1. The lesion is borderline-malignant and metastasis is distinctly unusual.
Epidemiology
Less than 40 cases have been reported in the global liter...
Article
Spitz nevus
Spitz nevus is a rare benign melanocytic lesion, that shares significant clinicohistological commonality with melanoma and maybe difficult to differentiate 2.
History and etymology
This lesion was described by an American pathologist, Sophie Spitz (1910-1956), who worked at Memorial Sloan-Ket...
Article
Stigler's law of eponymy
Stigler's law of eponymy states simply that no discovery in science is ever named for its primary originator. There are many examples of this throughout science, including the biomedical sciences. A few, such as Job syndrome or Terry Thomas sign, were deliberately named for someone other than th...