Items tagged “hip”

162 results found
Article

Ficat and Arlet classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

The Ficat and Arlet classification uses a combination of plain radiographs, MRI, and clinical features to stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Classification stage 0 plain radiograph: normal MRI: normal clinical symptoms: nil stage I plain radiograph: normal or minor osteopenia MRI: ...
Article

Transient osteoporosis of the hip

Transient osteoporosis of the hip, also known as (transient) bone marrow edema syndrome of the hip, is a self-limiting clinical entity of unknown cause, although almost certainly a vascular basis and possible overactivity of the sympathetic system exists. It presents a synonym of the subchondral...
Article

Perthes disease

Perthes disease, also known as Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, refers to idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral epiphysis seen in children. It should not be confused with Perthes lesion of the shoulder. It is a diagnosis of exclusion and other causes of osteonecrosis (including sickle cell disease...
Article

Synovial herniation pit

Synovial herniation pits, also known as Pitt pits or the descriptor fibrocystic changes at the anterosuperior femoral neck, are a common, usually incidental, finding on imaging. Epidemiology Prevalence on x-rays of normal adults is ~5% (range 4-12%) 3. Associations cam morphology FAI: occur ...
Article

Shenton line

Shenton line is an imaginary curved line drawn along the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus (superior border of the obturator foramen) and along the inferomedial border of the neck of femur. This line should be continuous and smooth1.   Interruption of the Shenton line can indicate (in...
Article

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis

Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE), also known as a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), (plural: epiphyses) is a relatively common condition affecting the physis of the proximal femur in adolescents. It is one of the commonest hip abnormalities in adolescence and is bilateral in 20-40%...
Article

Ultrasound of the hip (adult)

There are several approaches to ultrasound examination of the adult hip.  Anterior approach Patient positioning supine with the hip in mild external rotation Planes sagittal oblique plane parallel to the long axis of the femoral neck to assess femoral head and neck and for any joint ef...
Article

Graf method for ultrasound classification of developmental dysplasia of the hip

The Graf method for ultrasound classification system for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants describes both alpha and beta angles. As a general rule, the alpha angle determines the type, and the beta angle determines the subtype. The angle is formed by the acetabular roof to the...
Article

Alpha angle (developmental dysplasia of the hip)

The alpha angle is a measurement used in the ultrasonographic assessment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Terminology The term alpha angle is also used in a separate and unrelated context in the evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement. Measurement The angle is formed by the ac...
Article

Beta angle (developmental dysplasia of the hip)

The beta angle is a measurement used in the ultrasonographic assessment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Measurement The angle is formed by the cartilaginous roof to the vertical cortex of the ilium and thus reflects the femoral head cartilaginous coverage Technique for drawing th...
Case

Pincer femoroacetabular impingement

  Diagnosis certain
Frank Gaillard
Published 19 May 2008
72% complete
X-ray
Article

Piriformis muscle

The piriformis muscle is a muscle of the posterior pelvic wall and gluteal region of the lower limb. It is an important anatomical landmark.  Summary origin: anterolateral surface of the sacrum course: exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen insertion: greater trochanter of the ...
Article

Osteoarthritis of the hip (grading)

Osteoarthritis of the hip can be graded according to its severity. Classification Plain radiograph Different grading schemes are described for plain radiographs of the hip: grade 0: normal grade 1: possible joint space narrowing and subtle osteophytes grade 2: definite joint space narrowin...
Article

Waldenström classification of Perthes disease

The Waldenström classification of Perthes disease refers to x-ray abnormalities and represents four temporal phases of the disease. These stages have been further subdivided in the modified Elizabethtown classification 2. stage I: early asymmetric femoral epiphyseal size (smaller on the affect...
Article

Crescent sign (osteonecrosis)

The crescent sign refers to a linear cleft due to a subchondral fracture in the setting of osteonecrosis. It was originally described as a radiographic finding, however, it can also be seen on cross-sectional imaging. In the setting of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, it heralds the beginning of th...
Case

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

  Diagnosis certain
Gagandeep Singh
Published 19 Sep 2009
88% complete
X-ray
Case

Gluteus medius tear

  Diagnosis probable
Frank Gaillard
Published 23 Sep 2009
30% complete
MRI
Article

Acetabular labrum

Acetabular labrum acts to deepen the acetabulum and increase contact between the pelvis and the femoral head. Its exact biomechanical role remains to be fully elucidated. Gross anatomy The acetabular labrum is a C-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure with an opening anteroinferiorly at the site...
Article

Perilabral sulcus

The perilabral sulcus is a physiological space between the acetabular labrum and capsule of the hip joint, which inserts next to the base of the labrum and is therefore intra-articular. Superiorly the capsule's attachment is displaced from the labrum by a few millimeters and thus the sulcus is ...
Article

Transverse ligament of the hip

The transverse ligament of the hip bridges the acetabular notch (located anteroinferiorly along the margin of the acetabulum) and joins the two ends of the acetabular labrum, thus forming a complete ring. Beneath it (through the acetabular foramen) pass nutrient vessels which enter the ligamentu...

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